MURDOCH.] HUNTING—REINDEER. 265 
reindeer, so that we did not learn where they went to. When the fawns 
are perhaps a month old a small party, say a young man and his wife, 
sometimes makes a short journey to the eastward to procure fawn skins 
for clothing. They say that the fawns at this age can be caught by 
running them down. During the summer again the deer come down 
to the coast in small numbers, taking to the water in the lagoons, or 
even in the sea, when the flies become troublesome. 
Sometimes in warm, calm weather the flies are so numerous that 
the deer is driven perfectly frantic, and runs along without looking 
where he is going, so that, as the natives say, a hunter who places 
himself in the deer’s path has no difficulty in shooting him. Flies 
were unusually scarce both summers that we were at the station, so 
that we never had an opportunity of seeing this done. When a deer 
is seen swimming he is pursued with the kaiak and lanced in the man- 
ner already described. In July, 1883, one man from Utkiavwii made 
a short journey inland, “carrying” his kaiak from lake to lake, and 
killed two deer in this way without firing a shot. I believe this method 
of hunting is frequently practiced by the parties who go east for trading 
in the summer, and those who visit the rivers for the purpose of hunting. 
The natives seemed to expect.deer in summer at the lagoons, as 
along the isthmus between Imé/kpan and Imékptniglu they had set up 
a range of stakes, evidently intended to turn the deer up the beach 
where he would be seen from the camp at Perniji. Only one deer, 
however, came down either summer, and he escaped without being seen. 
This contrivance of setting up stakes to guide the deer in a certain 
direction is very commonly used by the Eskimo. Egede gives a 
curious description of the practice in Greenland in his day: They 
“chase them [i. e., the reindeer] by Clap-hunting, setting upon them on 
all sides and surrounding them with all their Women and Children to 
force them into Defiles and Narrow Passages, where the Men armed lay 
in wait for them and kill them. And when they have not People 
enough to surround them, then they put up white Poles (to inake up 
the Number that is wanted) with Pieces of Turf to head them, which 
frightens the Deer and hinders it from escaping.”! PI. 4, of the same 
work, is a very curious illustration of this style of hunting. 
A similar method is practiced at the Coppermine River, where the 
deer are led by ranges of turf toward the spot where the archer 
is hidden.? Franklin also noticed between the Mackenzie and the 
Colville similar ranges of driftwood stumps leading across the plain 
to two cairns on a hill, and Thomas Simpson mentions a similar 
range near Herschel Island,‘ and double rows of turf to represent men 
leading down to a small lake near Point Pitt, for the purpose of 
driving the deer into the water where they could be speared.’ This is 
' Greenland, p. 62. 
? Franklin, Ist Exped., vol. 2, p. 181. 
32d Exped., p. 137. 
4 Narrative, p. 114. 
5Tbid., p. 138. 
