508 THE POINT BARROW ESKIMO. 
often use whale spades, of which they have obtained a great many from 
wrecks. 
No. 89483 [1313] from Utkiavwin, isa very old pick made of a piece of 
reindeer antler, 114inches long, split lengthwise, and tapered to a sharp 
curved point. The butt is cut into a sort of tang with a low 
shoulder. The split face is concave, the soft interior tissue 
having been removed by decay 
and perhaps also intentionally. 
Another peculiar tool is shown 
in Fig.309 (No,.89479 | 1064] from 
Utkiavwin). This was called 
kakaiyaxion, and is a rounded 
piece of antler 10-4 inches long, 
tapering from the butt where 
there is a low shoulder and the 
broken remains of a rounded 
tang to be fitted toa shaft. One 
side is cut off flat from the shoul- 
der to the tip, gradually becom- 
ing concave. The concavity is 
deepest near the middle. The 
tip is slightly expanded, rounded, 
and somewhat bent toward the 
convex side. The specimen is 
smoothly and neatly made and 
dark brown from age. No other 
Fic. 309._Snow Specimens were seen. We were 
drill. told that this tool was mounted 
on a long pole and used for drilling holes in 
the ice by making the pole revolve with the 
hands. 
Ice scoops.—W hen picking a hole through 
the ice they use a long-handled scoop, made 
of a piece of antler bent round into a hoop, 
and netted across the bottom with strips of 
whalebone, so that the water may drain off 
in dipping pieces of ice out of the water. 
We brought home one specimen of this uni- 
versal implement (No. 89903 [1696], Fig.310). 
The handle is of oak, 5 feet 13 inches long 
and elliptical in section. The rim of the 
bowl is a long thin strip of antler, appar- 
ently from the “palm,” bent round inte a 
pointed oval, 83 inches long and 52 wide, FIG. 310.—Ice scoop. 
with the ends of the strip overlapping about 3 inches at the broader 
end. The ends are sewed together with two vertical stitches of whale- 
