BOURKE, ] REMEDIES AND MODES OF TREATMENT. 471 
and biinging him back to life. The same power was claimed by the 
medicine-men of the Zuni, and the story told me by old Pedro Pino of 
the young men whom they used to kill and restore to life, will be found 
in ‘The Snake Dance of the Moquis.” 
REMEDIES AND MODES OF TREATMENT. 
The materia medica of the Apache is at best limited and compre- ~ 
hends scarcely anything more than roots, leaves, and other vegetable 
matter. In gathering these remedies they resort to no superstitious 
ceremonies that I have been able to detect, although I have not often 
seen them collecting. They preter incantation to pharmacy at all 
times, although the squaws of the Walapai living near old Camp 
Beale Springs in 1875, were extremely fond of castor oil, for which they 
would beg each day. 
The main reliance for nearly all disorders is the sweat bath, which is 
generally conducive of sound repose. AJ] Indians know the benefit to be 
derived from relieving an overloaded stomach, and resort to the titil- 
lation of the fauces with a feather to induce nausea. IL have seen the 
Zuni take great drafts of iukewarm water and then practice the above 
as a remedy in dyspepsia. 
When a pain has become localized and deep seated, the medicine- 
men resort to suction of the part affected, and raise blisters in that 
way. I was once asked by the Walapai chief, Sequanya, to look at 
his back and sides. He was covered with cicatrices due to such treat- 
ment, the medicine-men thinking thus to alleviate the progressive 
paralysis from which he had been long a sufferer, and from which he 
shortly afterwards died. After a long march, I have seen Indians of 
different bands expose the small of the back uncovered to the fierce 
heat of a pile of embers to produce a rubefacient effect and stimulate 
what is known as a weak back. They drink freely of hot teas or in- 
fusions of herbs and grasses for the cure of chills. They are all dex- 
trous in the manufacture of splints out of willow twigs, and seem to 
meet with much success in their treatment of gunshot wounds, which 
they do not dress as often as white practitioners, alleging that the 
latter, by so frequently removing the bandages, unduly irritate the 
wounds. I have known them to apply moxa, and I remember to have 
seen two deep scars upon the left hand of the great Apache chief Co- 
chise, due to this cause. 
It should not be forgotten that the world owes a large debt to the 
medicine-men of America, who first discovered the virtues of coca, sar- 
saparilla, jalap, cinchona, and guiacum. They understand the admin- 
istration of enemata, and have an apparatus made of the paunch of a 
sheep and the hollow leg bone. Y 
Scarification is quite common, and is used for a singular purpose. 
The Apache scouts when tired were in the habit of sitting down and 
lashing their legs with bunches of nettles until the blood flowed. This, 
according to their belief, relieved the exhaustion. 
