472 MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE. 
The medicine-men of the Floridians, according to Vaca, sucked and 
blew on the patient, and put hot stones on his abdomen to take away 
pain; they also scarified, and they seemed to have used moxas. “Is 
cautérisent aussi avec le feu.” ! 
The medicine-men of Hispaniola cured by suction, and when they had 
extracted a stone or other alleged cause of sickness it was preserved 
as a sacred relic, especially by the women, who looked upon it as 
of great aid in parturition.” Venegas speaks of a tube called the 
“ chacuaco,” formed out of a very hard black stone, used by the medi- 
cine-men of California in sucking such parts of the patient’s body as 
were grievously afflicted with pains. In these tubes they sometimes 
placed lighted tobacco and blew down upon the part affected after the 
manner of a moxa, [ suppose. * 
The men of Panuco were so addicted to drunkenness that we are 
told: ‘“ Lorsqwils sont fatigués de boire leur vin par la bouche, ils se 
couchent, élévent les jambes en Vair, et s’en font introduire dans le 
fondement au moyen Wune canule, tant que le corps peut en contenir.”4 
The administration of wine in this manner may have been as a medi- 
cine, and the Aztees of Panuco may have known that nutriment could 
be assimilated in this way. It shows at least that the Aztees were 
acquainted with enemata. 
‘Quando la enfermedad les parecia que tenia necesidad de evacua- 
cion, usaban del aiuda 6 clister [elyster], con cocimientos de Tervas, i 
polvos, en Agua, i tomandola en la boca, con vn catuto de hueso de 
pierna de Garea, la hechaban, i obraba copiosamente: 1 en esto pudo 
esta Gente ser industriada de la Ciguena, que con su largo pico se cura, 
como escriven los Naturales.”® Smith says that the medicine-men of 
the Araucanians ‘“‘are well acquainted with the proper use of emetics, 
satharties, and sudorifics. For the purpose of injection they make 
use of a bladder, as is still commonly practiced among the Chilenos.”® 
Oviedo says of the medicine-men: ‘ Conogian muchas hiervas de que 
usaban y eran apropiadas 4 diversas enfermedades.”? One of the most 
curious remedies presented in Bancroft’s first volume is the use of a 
poultice of mashed poison-ivy leaves as a remedy for rimgworm by the 
Indians of Lower California. 
The Indians of Topia (in the Sierra Madre, near Sinaloa), were in the 
habit of scarifying their tired legs and aching temples.* The Arawaks, 
of Guiana, also scarified, according to Spencer.® The inhabitants of 
' Ternaux-Compans, vol. 7, pp. 114, 115. 
2 Notes from Gomara, Hist. de las Indias, pp. 172-173. 
3 History of California, vol. 1, p. 97 
4 Ternaux-Compans, vol. 10, p. 85. 
5 Herrera, dec. 4, lib. 9, cap. 8, p. 188. 
6Smith, Araucanians, p. 234. 
7 Bancroft, Native Races, vol. 1, p. 779. 
§ Alegre, Historia de la Compania de Jesus en Nueva-Espaiia, vol. 1, p. 401. 
* Desc. Sociology. 
