BOURKE.] WAR TROPHIES. 483 
we find the whole arm, or in other cases only the nails. The Cheyenne 
did not always restrict themselves to fingers; they generally made use 
of the whole hand, or the arm of the slaughtered enemy. In a colored 
picture drawn and painted by one of themselves I have a representa- 
tion of a scalp dance, in which the squaws may be seen dressed in their 
best, carring the arms of enemies elevated on high poles and lances. 
There is no doubt in my mind that this custom of the Cheyenne of cut- 
ting off the arm or hand gave rise to their name in the sign language of 
the “Slashers,” or ‘ Wrist Cutters,” much as the corresponding tribal 
peculiarity of the Dakota occasioned their name of the “Coupe Gorge” 
or “‘Throat Cutters.” 
The necklace of human fingers is found among other tribes. A 
necklace of four human fingers was seen by the members of the Lewis 
and Clarke expedition among the Shoshoni at the headwaters of the 
Columbia, in the early years of the present century. Early in the 
spring of 1858 Henry Youle Hind refers to the allies of the Ojibwa on 
Red River as having “two fingers severed from the hands of the unfor- 
tunate Sioux.”' In Eastman’s “Legends of the Sioux,” we read of 
‘““Harpsthinah, one of the Sioux women, who wore as long as she could 
endure it, a necklace made of the hands and feet of Chippewah chil- 
dren.”? We read that in New Zealand, “Several rows of human teeth, 
drawn on a thread, hung on their breasts.” Capt. Cook speaks of 
seeing fifteen human jaw bones attached to a semicircular board at 
the end of a long house on the island of Tahiti. ‘‘They appeared to be 
fresh, and there was not one of them that wanted a single tooth;”4 and 
also, “‘ the model of a canoe, about three feet long, to which were tied 
eight human jaw bones; we had already learnt that these were tro- 
phies of war.”° Capt. Byron, R. N., saw in the Society Islands, in 1765, 
a chief who “had a string of human teeth about his waist, which was 
probably a trophy of his military prowess.”® 
‘““The wild Andamanese, who live only on the fruits of their forests and 
on fish, so far revere their progenitors that they adorn their women 
and children with necklaces and such like, formed out of the finger and 
toe-nails of their ancestors.”? 
Bancroft says" that the Californians did not generally scalp, but they 
did cut off and keep the arms and legs of a slain enemy or, rather, the 
hands and feet and head. They also had the habit of plucking out 
and preserving the eyes. 
Kohl assures us that he has been informed that the Ojibwa will 
frequently cut fingers, arms, and limbs from their enemies and preserve 
1 Assinniboine and Saskatchewan Expedition, vol. 2, p. 123. 
2.New York, 1849, pp. x, xxix, 47. 
3 Forster, Voyage Round the World, vol. 1. pp. 219, 519. 
+Hawkesworth, op. cit., vol. 2, p. 161. 
®Thbid., p. 257. 
®Tbid., vol. 1, p. 113. 
7 Forlong, Rivers of Life, vol. 1, pp. 541, 542. 
* Nat. Races, vol. 1, p. 380. 
