558 MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE. 
semblables, ce qui est expressement condamné par le Synode de Ferrare 
en 1612.”! Evidently the desire was to be buried with cords or amulets 
which in life they dared not wear. 
We may infer that cords and other articles of monastic raiment can 
be traced back to a most remote ancestry by reading the views of God- 
frey Higgins, in Anacalypsis, to the effect that there was a tradition 
maintained among the Carmelites that their order had been established 
by the prophet Elisha and that Jesus Christ himself had been one of 
its members. Massingberd, speaking of the first arrival of the Car- 
melites in England (about A. D. 1215), says: ‘‘ They professed to be 
newly arrived in Italy, driven out by the Saracens from the Holy Land, 
where they had remained on Mount Carmel from the time of Elisha 
the prophet. They assert that ‘the sons of the prophets’ had con- 
tinued on Mount Carmel as a poor brotherhood till the time of Christ, 
soon after which they were miraculously converted, and that the Virgin 
Mary joined their order and gave them a precious vestment called a 
scapular.” ” 
ANALOGUES TO BE FOUND AMONG THE AZTECS, PERUVIANS, AND 
OTHERS. 
According to the different authorities cited below, it will be seen that 
the Aztec priests were in the habit of consulting Fate by casting upon 
the ground a handful of cords tied together; if the cords remained 
bunched together, the sign was that the patient was to die, but if they 
stretched out, then it was apparent that the patient was soon to stretch 
out his legs and recover. Mendieta says: ‘ Tenian unos cordeles, hecho 
de ellos un manojo como Iavero donde las mujeres traen colgadas las 
Haves, lanzabanlos en el suelo, y si quedaban revueltos, decian que era 
senal de muerte. Y si alguno 6 algunos salian extendidos, tenianlo por 
senal de vida, diciendo: que ya comenzaba el enfermo 4 extender los piés 
y las manos.”* Diego Duran speaks of the Mexican priests casting lots 
with knotted cords, “con nudillos de hilo echaban suertes.”* When 
the army of Cortes advanced into the interior of Mexico, his soldiers 
found a forest of pine in which the trees were interlaced with certain 
eords and papers which the wizards had placed there, telling the Tlas- 
caltees that they would restrain the advance of the strangers and 
deprive them of all strength: 
Hallaron un Pinar mui espeso, leno de hilos i papeles, que enredaban los Arboles, 
i atravesaban el camino, de que mucho se rieron los Castellanos; i dixeron graciosos 
donaires, quando luego supieron que los Hechiceros havian dado a entender a los 
Tlascaltecas que con aquellos hilos, i papeles havian de tener & los Castellanos, i qui- 
tarles sus fuergas.® 
1 Picart, Cérémonies et Cotttumes, ete., vol. 10, p. 56. 
2 Massingberd, The English Reformation, London, 1857, p. 105. 
3 Mendieta, p. 110. 
4 Vol. 3, cap. 5, p. 284. 
5 Herrera, dec. 2, lib. 6, p. 141. 
