566 MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE. 
know that once buckskin formed an important part of the garment. 
The Brahmans use three cords, while the Apache employ four; on this 
subject we shall have more to learn when we take up the subject of 
numbers. 
Maurice says that the “sacred cord of India,” which he calls the 
zennar, is ‘a cord of three threads in memory and honor of the three 
great deities of Hindostan.”! It ‘‘can be woven by no profane hand; the 
Brahmin alone can twine the hallowed threads that compose it and it 
is done by him with the utmost solemnity, and with the addition of 
many mystic rites.”” It corresponds closely to the izze-kloth; the Apache 
do not want people to touch these cords. The zennar “being put 
upon the left shoulder passes to the right side and hangs down as low 
as the fingers can reach.”* The izze-kloth of the Apache, when pos- 
sible, is made of twisted antelope skin; they have no cord of hemp; 
but when the zennar is ‘put on for the first time, if is accompanied 
with a piece of the skin of an antelope, three fingers in breadth, but 
shorter than the zennar.” 4 
On p. 128 of Vining’s An Inglorious Columbus, there is a figure of 
worshipers offering gifts to Buddha; from Buddha’s left shoulder to 
his right hip there passes what appears to be a cord, much like the 
izze-kloth of the Apache. 
Examples of the use of such cords are to be found elsewhere. 
In the conjuration of one of the shamans, ‘“‘ They took a small line 
made of deers’ skins of four fathoms long, and with a small knot the 
priest made it fast about his neck and under his left arm, and gave it 
unto two men standing on both sides of him, which held the ends to- 
gether.”° It is difficult to say whether this was a cord used on the 
present occasion only or worn constantly by the shaman. In either 
se the cord was ‘“ medicine.” 
Hagennaar relates that he “saw men wearing ropes with knots in 
them, flung over their shoulders, whose eyes turned round in their 
heads, and who were called Jammaboos, signifying as much as conju- 
rors or exorcists.” ° 
The Mahometans believe that at the day of judgment Jesus Christ 
and Mahomet are to meet outside of Jerusalem holding a tightly- 
stretched cord between them upon which all souls must walk. This 
may or may not preserve a trace of a former use of such a cord in their 
“medicine,” but it is well to refer to it.? 
1 Maurice, Indian Antiquities, London, 1801, vol. 5, p. 205. 
2 Ipid., vol. 4, p. 375, where a description of the mode of weaving and twining is given. 
3Tbid., p. 376. 
4Tbid., vol. 5, p. 206. 
5 Notes of Richard Johnson, Voyages of Sir Hugh Willoughby and others to the northern part of 
Russia and Siberia, Pinkerton’s Voyages, vol. 1, p. 63. 
® Caron’s account of Japan in Pinkerton’s Voyages, vol. 7, p. 631. 
7 Rey. Father Dandini’s Voyage to Mount Libanus, in Pinkerton’s Voyages, vol. 10, p. 286. 
