82 MURDOCH : ANATOMY OF ASHMUNELLA. 



portion of the epiphallus between the upper and lower insertions of 

 the muscle exceeds the latter in length, and remains in a free loop 

 when the muscle is pulled out straight. A specimen in which the 

 penis is everted, shews the evertible portion slightly more than equals 

 the difference in length between the epiphallus and muscle. The 

 internal wall of the penis (Fig. 5) exhibits three large plications and 

 several smaller threads, these are continued within the epiphallus, 

 where they are smaller and finely convoluted. The hermaphrodite 

 gland is embedded in the right lobe of the liver, and consists of four 

 small masses of follicules, which from the arrangement of their ducts 

 are seen to be paired. The hermaphrodite duct is convoluted, and at 

 its junction with the albumen gland there is a minute club shaped 

 appendix (Fig. 4, ap.). Cross sections of the latter (Fig. 6) shew two 

 tubes within this body, one of which is minute, and the other well 

 marked and lined with ciliated epithelial cells, the apex forms a small 

 chamber lined with epithelium, and into this cavity both tubes open. 

 In this and the following species, the so-called appendix branches 

 from the hermaphrodite duct partly within the albumen gland, and 

 externally, has the appearance of springing direct from the latter organ 

 (Fig. 7). Small as it is, the hermaphrodite duct on separating from 

 the appendix, is very much less in diameter, and forms an exceedingly 

 fine tube enveloped in a thin muscular membrane, which is attached 

 to the prostate, the base of the albumen gland, and also partially 

 envelopes the appendix. No spermatozoa were noticed within the 

 appendix, neither were they abundant in the convolutions of the her- 

 maphrodite duct. The free-oviduct is short, and exhibits a slight 

 contraction immediately below the point from where the receptaculum 

 seminis arises. There is no indication of any accessory organs, or 

 any evidence of degeneration ; a simple, slight introvertion of the 

 walls produces the above mentioned contraction. The internal walls 

 have the usual small, longitudinal folds. The receptaculum seminis is 

 of medium length, slightly enlarged above and attached to the uterus 

 by a delicate membrane. 



Ashmunella thomsoniana (Ancey), var. porterae, riis. and Ckii. 



Of this species there is but a single example of the animal, from 

 Beulah, Upper Sapello Canyon, New Mexico. 



The anatomy has been worked out by Pilsbry, '' but, unfortunately, 

 I am unable to refer to this paper." 



5 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., igoo, p. io8. 



6 Pllsbry simply says (loc. supra cit.) " Genital system similar to that of thotnsoniatia, except 

 that it is larger, with a double insertion of the penis retractor muscle" (C. F. Ancey). 



