44 Marshall: on the British species of buccinum, fusus, etc, 



form from the Shetlands is half this size with a finer apex, the young 

 of which have the same proportions and might easily be mistaken for 

 F. 2»'0pin(pm!< rar. furrifa, but they are more coarsely sculptured. 

 Some Scitlonian specimens have a light yellow epidermis, with the 

 sculpture less marked. This variety is well illustrated b)- Forbes and 

 Hanley (pi. ciii, fig. 3) and by Captain Brown (pi. vi, figs. 7, 9). 



Var. wf/iana, ]ord. (Journ. Conch., 1890, vol. vi, p. 232). — Larger 

 and broader. Off the Wexford and Waterford coasts 20-30 f. (Jordan 

 and others) ; off Galley Head, S. Ireland (Wotton)! Doggerbank 30 f. ; 

 Moray Frith 24 f. This is the form figured by Forbes and Hanley 

 (though not the type) as " dredged from the Doggerbank at the depth 

 of5of."0 ^ . ' . 



Var. roiihoiii, Jord. (Journ. Conch., vol. vi, p. 232, 1890). — Smaller 

 and narrower ; the usual deep-water form. Shetlands, from trawlers 

 (Jordan and others) ; the Smalls Lighthouse (Span) ; off Peterhead 

 60 f. ; West Orkneys 45 f. 



Var. (jlaher, Verk. (-) — New to Britain. This was first recorded 

 from Finmark by Mr. T. A. Verkriizen. My specimens are small and 

 thin, the epidermis very delicate, silky, and highly polished, resembling 

 gold-beater's skin, and the spiral striae slight or totally absent. I have 

 three specimens trawled from deep water in the Shetlands, and their 

 appearance suggests a habitat in deep and still water on fine sand or 

 mud. Canon Norman dredged a small form of it at Drontheim, which 

 is figured in the "Annals" for November, 1893, and Mr. James Simpson, 

 of Aberdeen, has a specimen frqm the north side of the Shetland-Faroe 

 Channel 60-70 f. (!) The original Finmark specimens, of which Sars' 

 figure is a good representation, have an unusually short base and canal 

 somewhat similar to F. curfu^, Jeffr., from North America and the 

 Crag, but that character is not uniform in this varity. 



I do not know of any good typical figure of this common shell. 

 Shetland specimens of F. (jraciUa (as in the last species and the next) 

 are more slender than usual, and Gwyn Jeffreys figures this slender 

 form as his type ; Sowerby figures an immature shell, the base being 

 angulated in consequence of the last whorl not being fully developed ; 

 while Forbes and Hanley describe as their type " the beautiful slender 

 form that is most commonly preserved in cabinets," but their figures 

 illustrate the vars. helliana and convoluta. Mr. H. K. Jordan's collection 

 contains a reversed example. Specimens of this and the next species 

 are occasionally dredged which are denuded of the epidermis and 



(i) Brit. Moll., vol. iii, p. 418, pi. ciii, fitj, i. 



(2) Sars Moll, Keg. Arcf. Norv. , pp. 271-2, tab. 4, fig, 7 (a^ Siplio glabcr, from Vaitsi) and 

 the Lofoteiis). 



