78 YEARBOOK, PUBLIC MUSEUM, MILWAUKEE. [Vol. I. 



the priest. It was passed back stem first, but at the same angle of 45°. 

 Had the interpreter possessed a medicine pipe bundle, the pipe would 

 have been passed horizontally. Thus it passed back and forth several 

 times between the two, until the contents of the bowl were consumed. 

 It was not passed to the novice, because it was assumed that he would 

 not care to smoke it. 



Finally, when the pipe was finished, it was taken by the priest and 

 the ashes in the bottom of the bowl were loosened with the pipe tamper. 

 He then took the pipe by the stem and poured out a small amount of its 

 ashes on the floor of the lodge near the four points of the square fire 

 stone pit and also in its center. This was done in the following order : 

 Northeast, Southeast, Southwest, Northwest, center. 



The pipe was then disconnected from the stem and it, together with 

 the tamper and stem, was handed to the attendant with instructions that 

 they be properly placed at the back (West) of the lodge. 



The priest then called for hot stones. Five were brought, by means 

 of heavy wooden tongs, and were placed on the floor of the lodge, one 

 at each of the four corners of the fire pit and one in the center, in the 

 same order as were the pipe ashes. (See figure 44.) Immediatley the 

 first five had been properly placed in their ceremonial positions, the in- 

 terpreter took a pair of short wooden tongs and moved the stones at the 

 four corners down into the pit at each corner. The remaining hot stones, 

 two dozen or more, were placed without any regular order in the pit. 



The priest then ordered the attendant to raise the cover a foot or so 

 behind him, so as to allow a draft to pass through. He then took a cup 

 of water and sprinkled the stones lightly to remove the ashes and dirt. 

 The sizzling and steaming accomplished this. 



The priest then ordered the lodge cover down on all sides and thor- 

 oughly closed at the bottom throughout. In fact this cover was so 

 thoroughly battened down, as is shown in figure 42, that not a breath 

 of air nor a ray of light could enter at any point. 



He then began the first song and sprinkled water on the fire stones 

 several times during this song. He sang a set of four of these short 

 songs, sprinkling water lightly on the stones at frequent intervals during 

 each song. 



A short stop was here made and another prayer to the Sun was said 

 by the priest. 



When the stones were piled in the center of the lodge, their intense 

 heat made the lodge seem very hot, but it was a dry heat. However, 



