1922] EDWARDS, GEOLOGICAL WORK AT RAINER NATIONAL PARK 55 



in a little meadow not far from the hotel. These in early times at- 

 tracted a pioneer by the name of Longmire, whose descendants still 

 live in the neighborhood. 



In order to select a site suitable for the making of a landscape group 

 of the kind desired, it was necessary that a considerable number of 

 the glaciers of the mountain be visited and one selected which would 

 meet all requirements. The most important of these specifications 

 were that all the phases of glacial action should be shown in the pan- 

 orama or in the foreground. It was also desirable to have a view of 

 the summit of the mountain in the panorama. Not the least important, 

 in this wild region, was the accessibility of the place selected. Kautz 

 Glacier had been suspected of filling these various requirements, and 

 consequently the first desire of the party was to visit this glacier. 



To do this, it was necessary to go on horseback through the forests 

 ,of the lowest slopes of the mountain, climbing continually until the 

 level of the Alpine meadows was reached in Indian Henry's Hunting. 

 Grounds. This is one of the most famous of the meadows and derives 

 its beauty principally from the wild flowers which cover it at nearly 

 all times during the summer season. The outlook toward the mountain 

 from this point is excellent, and tw.o of the glaciers are very promi- 

 nently in view. 



At the north, the panorama is cut off by a row of rock pinnacles 

 which separate the Puyallup from the Tahoma Glacier. The Tahoma 

 is the most impressive ice-sheet on the southwestern side of the moun- 

 tain and lies directly in front of Indian Henry's, its whole course ,of five 

 miles being visible. At the top, it descends through a break in the 

 crater a half mile across, and, with numerous ice cascades and steep 

 slopes, flows directly westward with a surface in some places more than 

 a mile in breadth. Its eastern border is a mere row of isolated rock 

 needles which separate it from what is known as the South Tahoma 

 Glacier. At the base of the slope, these two streams unite after flow- 

 ing around a large mass of rock known as Glacier Island. From be- 

 low the point of junction, the two streams coalesce and move to the 

 northwestward, having a very rough surface further broken by a 

 succession of profound crevasses. They are particularly powerful as 

 eroders of the mountain, and have brought down an immense amount 

 of debris which completely conceals the ice in the lower portion of both 

 glaciers. This material is also piled along their sides to form two 

 parallel lateral moraines, each of great height and abundantly testifying 

 to the destructive power of the ice. 



