140 YEARBOOK, PUBLIC MUSEUM, MILWAUKEE [Vol. II. 



them is a standing horseshoe of foreign stones, and in front of the 

 great Trihthon, a flat slab or aUar stone." The arrangement of all 

 these is clearly shown in figure 82, which shows a ground plan of the 

 monument. 



The Sarsen stones were obtained from the immediate vicinity. The 

 foreign stones must have been transported from a considerable distance. 

 All the stones of Stonehenge, with the exception of the four without 

 the stone circle, have been worked. 



The earth-work encircling the "temple" is three hundred feet in 

 diameter. The avenue leading to the northeast runs in a straight line, and 

 is about thirty feet wide and five hundred yards long, to where it divides 

 (figure 78-6) into two branches, one going eastward toward the river 

 Avon, where there is an ancient ford, the other continuing on until it 

 joins another earth- work, half a mile distant, called the Cursus (figure 

 78-7) . This ancient avenue is bounded on either side by a bank of earth. 



THE STONE CIRCLES 



The outer ring of stones, within the circular earth-work, is about 

 one hundred and eight feet in diameter, and originally consisted of 

 thirty hewn Sarsen stones standing twelve feet, six inches above the 

 surface of the ground with imposts or lintels mortised to them which 

 adds another three feet to their height. The lintels are fitted together 

 with toggle joints. Only sixteen of the original thirty uprights of these 

 "trilithons" are now standing. 



The inner stone circle is estimated to have originally consisted of 

 from thirty to forty-five upright "foreign stones," less perfectly hewn, 

 and bearing no lintels. It is generally conceded that there were forty- 

 five of these stones, of which seven are still standing and nine are pros- 

 trate. Probably only the hardest and most durable have survived, the 

 softer and more friable having disappeared entirely. The action of 

 the elements and the assaults by unchecked relic hunters, whose work 

 is much in evidence at Stonehenge, and the use of these stones in mak- 

 ing foundations for buildings, account for this loss. 



THE HORSESHOES 



Within the last mentioned circle was originally a horseshoe, formed 

 of ten great trilithons, with the opening to the northeast. These 

 trilithons were graduated in height toward the southwest, as is clearly 

 shown in figure 81, and supported lintels three feet, six inches in thick- 



