1922] WEST, STONEHENGE 155 



THE CULTURES 



Human remains found in the round mounds average five feet, nine 

 inches tall, while those from the long ones are about three inches 

 shorter. It would seem that the shorter race, armed only with clubs 

 and stone implements, gave way before a taller one armed with metal 

 and "possessing a higher culture." The crania secured from the long 

 mounds are of a long-headed type, while those from the round mounds 

 are of a round-headed race. This does not necessarily mean that the 

 round-headed race exterminated the long-headed one. 'Tt is far more 

 probable that a similar condition existed to that which obtains today 

 in America, where stone-using aborigines are slowly vanishing and 

 giving place to an Eastern invasion which has gradually displaced 

 them." 



THE WHITE HORSE 



Not far from Stonehenge and in the direction of Cornwall, at a 

 place called Ufifington, is White Horse Hill, 856 feet high, so-called 

 from the huge figure of a horse 370 feet in length, cut in the turf. It 

 has existed there for more than 1000 years, and is said to have been 

 made by Alfred the Great to commemorate his victory over the Danes 

 at Ashdown in 871. The deep road guUey below the White Horse is 

 called the Manger. On the other side of the Manger is Dragon's Hill, 

 where St. George is said to have slain the dragon. Wayland Smith's 

 Forge, immortalized by "Kenilworth," lies on the ridgeway about one 

 mile to the west. 



There are in the British Isles, several other white horses of this 

 type. They are white because of the fact that the bluffs upon the sides 

 of which they are located are composed of a white chalky rock, and 

 the form of the horse is produced by clearing away the vegetation. 

 The various communities in which these antiquities exist have for cen- 

 turies carefully preserved them in their original form. 



CONCLUSION 



In speaking of the prehistoric remains of Wiltshire, Wells, in his 

 "Outline of History," truly says that "The dimensions of this center 

 of a faith and a social life now forgotten altogether by men indicate 

 the concentrated efforts and interests of a very large number of people, 



