152 YEARBOOK, PUBLIC MUSEUM, MILWAUKEE [Vol. III. 



mental. This is especially true in the fall when its covering of scarlet 

 fruit, makes it resemble a gigantic Jerusalem cherry. Many of the 

 birds are fond of the fruit and this would be a good tree to be planted 

 in bird sanctuaries. 



Fortunately thus far, Sargent''^ lists only seven species for Wis- 

 consin. Most of the specimens examined by Sargent were collected 

 in the southern and eastern parts of the state, for they are sparsely 

 represented in the north. The flowers and leaves of all of the Wiscon- 

 sin species are fairly similar. The best way to distinguish the different 

 species seems to be that of comparing the size of the tree, the time of 

 flowering and the time that the fruit ripens and falls. For accurate 

 determination careful observation in the field is absolutely necessary. 

 The following species bloom from the 1st to the 20th of May. The 

 clambering hawthorn (C. assurgens Sarg.) grows twenty-five feet high. 

 The trunk, two to six inches in diameter, is covered with close gray 

 bark. The branchlets are usually armed with numerous spines one 

 to one and a half inches long. The large, dull red fruit ripens in Sep- 

 tember and falls the first part of October. 



C. sertata Sarg. grows from ten to twenty feet high. The trunk, 

 six to eight inches in diameter, is covered with thin plate-like bark. 

 The branchlets may be unarmed or armed with spines one to two and 

 a half inches long. The round, bright red fruit, one-half inch in di- 

 ameter, matures and falls in September. 



C. gemmosa Sarg. grows to be thirty feet high. The trunk, one 

 foot in diameter, is covered with a dark brown, scaly bark. The 

 branchlets are armed with spines two inches long. The round, shining 

 scarlet fruit ripens in October, and becomes very succulent before 

 falling. It approaches more closely than our other species, the south- 

 ern Red Haw and is so-called by boys. 



C. sera Sarg. is the largest of the hawthorns growing from thirty 

 to forty feet high. The trunk is from one to one and a half feet in 

 diameter. The branchlets are armed with few, mostly straight spines 

 one and a quarter to one and a half inches long. The dull, dark red 

 pear-shaped fruit, two-thirds of an inch long and half an inch in di- 

 ameter, ripens and falls in October. 



The remainder of the hawthorns blooms from the last part of May 

 to the middle of June. The woolly hawthorn (C. tomentosa L.) 

 grows from fifteen to twenty feet high. The trunk is five to six inches 

 in diameter. The young branchlets are covered with a thick coat of 

 wool. The older branchlets may be unarmed or armed with straight 



^'Sargent, Charles Sprague- "Manual of the Trees of North America," Second Edition, 1922. 



