82 Director's Annual Report. 
portion, but not conspicuously so. Lores blackish and gray, gray- 
est on the breast and palest on the throat; sides of the body like 
the breast. Flanks and thighs rusty olive. Centre of the abdomen 
clear white; under tail coverts ranging from pale buffy cream to 
white; bill black, iris brown; feet and tarsus dark brown; soles pale 
yellow in life. Length 8.25 (8.31)—8.40, wing 3.67 (3.73)-3.80, 
tail’3.10 (3.17)—3.25; tarsus 1:22, toe 1.60, ctilmen 672% 
Adult Female: - Similar to the male in color. Length 8.40, 
wing 3.70 (3.72)-3.75, tail 3.05 (3.09)-—3.12, culmen .7o. 
Immature Male: Similar to young /avazensis, but much darker 
and less rusty olive over the back; under parts uniformly grayer; 
wings and tail longer. Length 8.00, wing 3.65 (3.69)-3.75, tail 
3.05 (3211 )—3.15; culmen -71- 
When studying the material preparatory to writing my Key 
to the Hawaiian Birds, in 1899, I was convinced that the Molokai 
form would prove distinct from the Lanai form. Since then as the 
Museum’s series of specimens from the two islands has increased, 
evidence has accumulated all tending to substantiate the premise 
there expressed (Memoir B. P. Bishop Museum, vol. i, p. 311) until 
now, with the additional series of twenty carefully sexed birds in 
the collection just made, there is no reason for hesitating longer 
in separating these two closely allied forms. ‘This I have done, 
naming the Molokai Olomao in memory of my wife. 
That the species from the two islands are very similar is not 
surprising, since the islands are only a few miles apart. Yet the 
conclusion which has been generally accepted, namely, that the 
birds from both islands cross the channel with sufficient frequency 
and regularity to keep the individuals of both habitats uniform, 
receives a serious rebuttal when we consider that neither Lanai 
nor Molokai has, to our knowledge, sent out settlers to the nearby 
and larger islands of Maui and Oahu, in sufficient numbers, if at 
all, to in the least way prevent the genus from disappearing en- 
tirely from the last mentioned islands, while they have continued 
to remain common on both Lanaiand Molokai. A sufficient cause 
for their not throwing out stragglers or regular settlers is perfectly 
apparent when a close study of the genus is made in the field. 
As is well known, all the species of Ph@ornis are highly sylvan, 
rarely leaving the deeper woods. Or, if occasionally inhabiting the 
more open parts of the woods, they are always of settled habits, 
[rye] 
