Walled Fish Traps of Pearl Harbor. 29 
from the marine growth, are much older than the latter. On the 
walls of the pa makiawa at Puleou, no dark stones were observed, 
but a few were seen on the ozu/ey wall of that at Keanapuaa, and 
none on the side walls. 
From rough soundings made, it was observed that the corre- 
sponding depth of water inside and outside of the fish traps did 
not appreciably differ. In the plans, the depth at low tide is 
marked in feet. Some months ago when sections of the north and 
south walls of the Pakule were removed (as seen in Figs. 7-10) it 


FIG. 6. THE PAKULE, WESTERN HALF. 
was found that the stones were lying on top of the sand bank and 
that conditions were the same as at the time of building. The 
writer is waiting to watch the removal of the heavier outer wall. 
It is interesting to note what advantage of natural conditions 
was taken by the early fishermen in constructing their traps on 
the banks jutting out into the channel. In referring to the map, 
it should be remembered that the pa makiawa at Bishop Point 
was merely drawn in from description. ‘The natives say that 
the incoming tide flows more strongly against the east side of the 
channel, while the west side bears the heavier proportion of the ebb. 
To reap the full benefit of this condition, the entrances of the pens 
were built opposed to the stronger current. 
[205 ] 
