Walled Fish Traps of Pearl Harbor. 31 
date as about thirteen generations ago, when the building of the 
walled fish ponds must have been sufficiently novel to the native 
chronicler for the fact to be recorded. ‘Then it was that Kalai- 
mantuia,+ queen of Oahu, was accredited with the building of three 
fish ponds in Pearl Harbor, Aapaakea in Waimalu, and Ofu and 
Paatau in Kalauao, and her son Kaihikapu is mentioned as con- 
structing two more in Moanalua near by. As to whether the fish 
ponds or the fish traps took precedence in time in these islands is 
an open question. Under ordinary circumstances it might easily 







FIG. 8. SOUTH WALL OF PAKULE, LOOKING WEST. 
be conceived how fishermen observing the assistance given by a 
natural wall or bank in the water and channels in the reefs, when 
surrounding their prey, would construct artificial walls to assist in 
driving the fish, and the walled fish trap as here illustrated might 
follow as a natural development. Ethnology teaches us that the 
rearing of animals denotes a higher civilization than the hunting 
of the same, and it is reasonable to admit that the growing of fish 
in the ponds and their conservation for future needs is an advance 
on the method of capturing supplies to fill immediate demands. 
The original fish pond was probably a fish trap in which a 
larger supply than needed was taken at one time and the fish re- 

‘Polynesian Race, vol. ii, p. 269. 
[207 ] 
