96 YIVEHRID.!;. 



the upper sectorial very large, nearly equal to the hinder lobe in 

 size. The true upper molars are well developed. The lower 

 sectorial has a large talon \^ith two large inner and two small 

 outer tubercles. The milk-dentition is figured by Mivart (P. Z. IS. 

 1882, p. 155). 



A^ertebrae : C. 7, D. 13, L. 7 (or D. 14, L. G), S. 3, C. 22-30. 



This and the next genus comprise the true Civet-cats, from 

 which the substance known as civet, largely used as a perfume, is 

 obtained. It is the secretion of a pair of glands found in both 

 sexes, just in front of the scrotmn in the male, and in a corre- 

 sponding position in the female. The secretion escapes by a 

 number of minute orifices into a large sac, the external opening of 

 which appears as a longitudinal slit, resembling a large vaginal 

 aperture *. There are also two glands surrounding the anus, the 

 secretion from which has a very different and extremely offensive 

 odour. A'arious kinds of ciAet-cats, belonging to this and the 

 next genus, are kept in small cages in some countries, and the 

 civet collected from the pouch periodically ; but I am not aware 

 whether this is done anywhere in India. 



Si/no2)sis of Indian and Burmese Species. 



A. No black stripe down the tail. 



a. Markings on sides indistinct or wanting V. zihetha, p. 90. 



b. Large transverse dark marks on sides V. civettina, p. 98. 



B. A black stripe down upper surface of tail. 



a. Large dark tail -rings not interrupted below. . F. vieyaspila, p. 99. 



Eemains of two species of Viverra, V. baJceri and V. durandi, 

 the last-named larger than any existing civet-cat, have been found 

 in the Pliocene beds of the Sivvaiik hills. 



45. Viverra zibethat. Tlie large Indian Civet. 



Viverra zibetlia, i. Sysf. Kaf. i, p. Go (f 7(J6) ; Sch-eh. Sdvtjefli. iii, 



p. 420, pi. cxii ; Bhjth, J. A. S. B. xxxi, p. o31 ; id. Cat. p. -!•"> ; 



Jerdon, Mam. p. f20. 

 A'iverra iindulata, (''ray, S/ric. Zovl. ]). 9, pi. 8. 

 Viverra S])., M'C lelland, Catc. Jonrn. N. 11. i. p. 50, pi. i. 

 Viverra orientalis, hodie nielauurus, Hodgson, Vale. Journ. A. II. ii, 



p. 47. 

 Viveria nielanurus it civeltoides, Ilody.^on, J. A. S. B. x, p. 909, xi, 



p. 270 (no descriptions). 



KJiahin, Hindi (used for several other animals also) ; Mach-bhondar, 

 BiUjdos, I'udv-yanla, Beng. ; Bhrdn, Nepal Terai ; Nit biralu, Nepal ; 

 Kuny, Bhot ; iSaphiony, Lepcha ; Kyouny-niyeng (horse-cat), Burmese ; 

 Tanyalony , Malay. 



* Ho'dgson, Calc. Journ. N. II. ii, p. 54, pi. i, f. 1, 2 ; Mivart, P.Z. S. 1882, 

 p. 147. 



The figures repi'esentiug lliis epeeies and V. mtya.yii/a in Slenidale's 

 ' Natural History of tlie Maunuiilia oi' India' are apparently taken frnm dtlier 

 animals. The first figure niueh resembles the African J", civciia. 



