XANTHAKPYIA. 261 



Distribution. Andaman and Mcobar Islands ; a variety (P. condo- 

 rensis, Peters) from Pulo Condore ; Java is also given by Dobson. 

 A skull is recorded in Anderson's ' Catalogue ' from Mergui, but 

 the locality is very doubtful, as the history of the specimen is 

 unknown. 



Genus XANTHARPYIA, Gray (1843). 

 Syu. Eleutherura, Gray (1844) ; Cynomjcteris, Peters (1852). 



Size moderate, muzzle long ; nostrils projecting by their inner 

 margins, between which is a wide furrow, leading to a broad 

 groove across the upper lip ; the margins of tliis groove are naked, 

 but less swollen than in Pteropus. Second or index finger with a 

 distinct claw ; metacarpal bone of the middle finger as long as 

 the index finger or longer. "Wings from the sides of the hairy 

 back and from the base of the second toe. Tail short but distinct, 

 partially included in the narrow interfemoral membrane. Fur of 

 the back and shoulders of the same colour and quality throughout. 



-r> ^•j-' • 4 1—1 3—3 2—2 



JJentition : i. -, c. j^j^, pm. g^, m. ^—r^. 



This genus and the next three ai'e distinguished from Pteropus 

 by smaller size and duller coloration. 



Only a single species is known within Indian limits. The genus 

 ranges throughout Southern Asia, extending eastward into the 

 Malay Archipelago and westward into Africa. 



137. Xantharpyia amplexicaudata. The fulvous Fruit-Bat. 



Pteropus amplexicaudatus, Geoff. Ann. Mus. xv, p. 96 (1810). 

 Pteropus leschenaultii, Desm. Mam. p. 110 (1822) ; Kehmrt, Prod. 



p. 27 , Bhjth, Cat. p. 21 ; Jerdon, Mam. p. 19. 

 Pteropus pyrivorus, Hodys. J. A. S. B. iv, p. 700 (1835). 

 Cynonvcteris amplexicaudata, Peters, MB. Akad. Berl. 1867 



p. 865 ; Dohson, P. A. 8. B- 1872, p. 154 ; id. J. A. S. B. xlii, pt. 2, 



p. 202, pi. xiv, fig;. 8 (ear) ; id. P. A. S. B. 1873, p. 110; id. Mon. 



As. Chir. p. 29 ; id. Cat. Chir. B. M. p. 72 ; Anderson, Cut. p. 103 ; 



Scully, J. A. S. B. Ivi, pt. 2, p. 237. 



Ears almost naked, oval, rounded at the tip ; outer margin with 

 a distinct though small convex lobe at the base. 

 Fur short. First upper premolar minute, equally 

 distant from the canine and the second premolar. 

 Colour of fur brown, varying in tint, the lower 

 parts duller than the upper. 



Dimensions. Length of head and body 5 inches, 



tail 0"7, forearm 3'35, ear from orifice 0-75; 



total length of skull 1-5, zygomatic breadth 0*9. 



Distribution. Throughout the greater part 



of India, Ceylon, and Burma. This species 



Fig. 7fi.-Ear of -^ ^-ecorded from the Himalayas (base only), 



(Dobson, Mon. As. Smd, Singh bhoom, Madras, rrichmopoly, Ceylon, 



Chir.) ' Pegu, and Moulmein, but it is not commonly 



