278 EHiNoi.orjiiD.T;. 



Anterior nose-li'iif broad from the nostrils to the niari,nn, but 

 not concealing the muzzle ; sella of moderate breadth where flat, 

 the erect transxerse portion gradually becoming iiarrower, rounded 

 at top ; the hinder longitudinal buttress-like lamella hairy, pointed, 

 scarcely exceeding the transverse portion in height ; posterior leaf 

 longer than broad, with the sides slightly concave and the tip blunt 

 (fig. 80 B, p. 208). Lower hp with a single groove. 



Wings from the ankles ; interfemoral membrane projecting 

 angularly behind ; extreme tip of the tail free. 



Colour of fur light brown above, light greyisli bro\\n below. 

 Toung animals often darker. 



Dimensions. Head and body 1-55 inches, tail 1'15, ear from origin 

 of outer margin 0-6, from head between ears 0-55, forearm 1-5. 



Distribidion. In India this species has only been observed in 

 Gilgit, where Scully found it fairly common in the warm valleys 

 40(J0 to 6000 feet above sea-level, during the summer months. 

 It, is also met with throughout the greater part of the Pakcarctic 

 region, extending in AVestern Europe as far north as the shores 

 of the Bahic. 



Habits. During th(! day li. hipposideras hides in caves, ruined 

 buildings, outhouses &c., often in large numbers. It usually ap])ears 

 abroad about dusk, and according to Scully has a powerful and 

 long sustained flight, but Blasius says its flight is rather irregular 

 and fluttering. It flies generally higher in tin; air than 11. fem^m- 

 equinum, and is more frequently found away from dense tree- 

 growth. 



];")0. Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum. The (jreaier IIorseshoe-Bat. 



VespertUio ferriim-fquiiiuiii, ScJirib. Saii'jcth. \, p. 174, pi. Ixii 



(177^-5). 

 KhinolophiiH fiTriim-cqiiinuni, Z^oiww, 7J/(m. As. Chir. p. 53; id. Cat. 



Chii: B. M. p. Ill), partiiu ; Scully, R Z. S. IhH], p. V.}'.). 



Ears nearly equal to Ihc head in length, sharply pointed ; the 

 outer margin concave just below the tip and separated below by a 

 shallow obtuse notch from the moderately large antitragus. 



iS'ose-leaf rather small, anterior horseshoe broad from nostrils 

 to outer margin, but not nearly covering the muzzle; sella SM)all, 

 erect transverse process narrow, with the sides slightly concave 

 and the top rounded ; longitudinal buttress-like lamina behind a 

 ]\\\\^^ higher than the traiisvt;rse ])rocess, hairy and obt iisely pointed ; 

 posterioi- leaf longer than broad, with concave sides and a blunt 

 ti]). Lov\er lip with a single gi-oove. 



Wings from t he ankles, intcirlcmoral mendu'aiie jir(j ject ing slight ly 

 in the middle behind ; tij) of the tail free. 



The second iipper |)remolar is close to Hut canine: llie lii'st 

 premolar miniile ;iinl external to the toDtli-row ; second lower 

 premolar very niinule, often not \u be detected, l\ing in the outer 

 angle between the closely aj)pro\iiiiate tirsi mid third jtremolars. 



