280 KHINOLOPHID^. 



Subfamily HIPPOSIDERIN^. 



This subfamily is distinguished from the Rhinohpliinai by haviug 

 ouly two phalanges in all the toes (a character exhibited by culy 

 one other bat, the American Thyroptera tricolor), by the absence of 

 a notch in the outer border of the ear, and consequently by having 

 no distinct antitragus, and by the shape of the nose-leaf, the 

 posterior portion of which is not triangular. Another peculiarity, 

 unknown amongst other Chiroptera, is the existence of a second 

 pair of large foramina in the pelvis, besides the usual thyroid or 

 obturator foramina. The second foramen is preacetabular, and 

 formed by the ileo-pectineal spine being united by a bony isthmus 

 with a process deri\ed from the antero-inferior surface of the 

 ilium. This character, Dobson points out, greatly strengthens the 

 pelvis, which is remarkably weak in bats, but it is not known 

 whether au}^ peculiarity in the habits of Hipposiderus and its allies 

 corresponds to the increased strength of the pelvic girdle. 



Two genera of the Hipposiderime occur in India and a third is 

 known from Persia and may probably occur in Baluchistan. These 

 genera may thus be distinguished : — 



A. No tlat expanded lamina between the nostrils ; a 



transverse swollen bar behind them. 



a. Anterior nose-leaf or horseshoe not divided in 



the middle Hipposiderus. 



b. Anterior nose-leaf divided into two distinct 



lajipets CcELOPS. 



B. .V tlat expanded lamina between the nostrils, no 



transverse bar behind them Tri^^enops. 



^ 



Fig. 85. — Head of Tri<Bnops i>Lrdcus, x2. (Pobson, Men. As. Chir.) 



Trucjio^^s pemcHs has been found in Persia at Shiniz, and in East 

 AlVica. Should it occur within Indian limits, the accompanying 

 woodcut will enable it to be easily recognized. It is a pah' butf 

 bat, with the forearm 2 inches long. 



