30G vF,si'F.irm.i()NTD.'F. 



margin straight, broadest portion of tragus just above tlie middle 

 of the inner margin. 



Muzzle broad, flat above, end of the nose and upper lip pro- 

 jecting slightly beyond the lower ; postcalcaneal lobe narrow Last 

 caudal vertebra and part of penultimate free. 



Inner upper incisor long, bifid : the outer incisor is shorter 

 than the outer and shorter cusp of the inner incisor. First lower 

 premolar about half the height of the second. 



Colonr of the fur above dark brown with pale yellowish-brown 

 tips, below dark brown with ashy or whitish tips longer than those 

 on the back, the dark basal part of the hairs producing a somewhat 

 mottled appearance on the dorsal surface. 



Dimensions. Head and body 2 iuches, tail r65, oar from crown 

 0-4, forearm 1*6. 



Distribution. The Palsearctic region throughout the temperate 

 zone, keepiug much to hills and mountains. Within Indian limits 

 this species has been recorded only at Gilgit, where a few were 

 found in summer at from 10,000 to 11,000 feet above the sea by 

 Dr. Scully. 



Habits. Very similar to those of the nearly allied V. horecdis. 

 The flight is rather stronger, but the animal is more sensitive to 

 cold, and its range does not extend nearly so far to the north. The 

 female is said by Blasius always to produce two young at a time. 



178. Vesperugo atratus. The sombre Bat. 

 Nycticejus atratus, Bhjth, Cat. p. ■'A (no description) ; Jcrdon, Mam. 



p. 38 (1867). 

 Vesperus atratus, Dobson, P. A. S. B. 1871, p. 212. 

 Vesperugo atratus, Dohson, Mon. As. Chir, p. 107 ; id. Cat. Chir. B. 



M. p. 206 ; Anderson, Cat. p. 125. 



Ears oval, tips rounded, but appearing pointed \\hen viewed 



from the side, owing to the conch being longitudinally folded, like 



in Cerivoula ; inner margin convex, outer 



slightly hollowed beneath the tip, with an angular 



emarginatiou opposite the base of the tragus, and 



terminating in a rounded lobe, the sunnnit of 



which is marked by a small triangular notch. 



Tragus with a small rounded lobe at the outer 



Fig 92 — lucisors ^^^'^ ^^ ^^'^ base, expanded above, convex exter- 



aud canines of V. nally and above, inner margin slightly concave. 



atratus. (Dobson, Wings from the base of the toes ; last rudi- 



Mou. As. Ciiir.; mentary caudal vertebra free. Fur long aiul 



dense. 



Inner upper incisors very long and slightly bifid at the extremity ; 



outer incisors minute, scarcely raised above the level of llie gum 



and close to the base of the inner incisors. 



Colour black throughout. 



Dimensions. Head and body 1*0 inclies, tail 1-8, ear (from base 

 of outer margin) 0*C, forearm 1*7. 



Distribution. Only recorded hitlun-to from Darjiling. The 

 descri[)tion is taken from Dobson's. 



