350 EMBALLONFBID.5;. 



Bistribitiion. Siud and Culch. This species is closely allied to 

 T. nudiventris of Africa and South-western Asia, only differing in 

 the want of a gular sac in the male and to some extent in measure- 

 ment. In his last works Dobson has classed the present form as a 

 variety of T. nudiventris, and it is very probable that the two are 

 not specifically distinguishable. 



222. Taphozous saccolsemus. The poudi-hearing sheath-tailed Bat. 



Taphozous saccolaimus, Temm. Mon. Mam. ii, p. 285, pi. GO, figs. 1-6 

 (1835-41) ; Cantor, J. A. S. B. xv, p. 180 ; Bhjth, J. A. S. B. xxi, 

 p. 348 ; id. Cat. p. 28 ; Jerdon, Mam. p. 32 ; Dobson, P. Z. S. 

 1875, p. 555 ; id. Mon. As. Chir. p. 172 ; id. Cat. Chir. B. M. 

 p. 388; Anderson, Cat. p. 149. 



Taphozous crassus, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xiii, p. 491. 



Taphozous pulcher, Elliot, ib. p. 492. 



Ears short. Gular sac well developed in both sexes, but much 

 larger in the male. No radio-metacarpal pouch. Inner margin of 

 ear-conch smooth. Lower lip with a deep transverse median 

 groove. 



Wings from the ankles. The muzzle, including the eyes and the 

 sides of the head, nearly naked. The tragus is hairy posteriorly, 

 and there is some short hair on the inner surface of the ear-conch. 

 Above, the fur extends on to the proximal half of the humerus, but 

 the wing-membrane, the interfemoral, and the legs are naked ; 

 there are a few isolated long hairs on the free portion of the tail. 

 Beneath, the wing-membrane near the body is hairy, the inter- 

 femoral naked except at the base of the tail. 



Colour of fur various shades of brown — pale, ferruginous, and 

 blackish, in some cases mottled with spots of white, the hairs paler 

 at the base. The lower surface scarcely paler as a rule, though 

 Blyth describes a form from Southern India said to be white beneath, 

 like the Malayan T. affmis. 



Dimensions. Head and body 3*5, tail 1'3, ear from crown 0'48, 

 forearm 2*9 inches. Some specimens are smaller ; in one I find the 

 forearm only 2-5 inches long. 



Distrihution. Peninsula of India (Mirzapur, Madras), Ceylon, 

 Sylhet, Burma, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Java. Ileniains 

 of this species have been found fossil in tlie Pleistocene cave-deposits 

 of Kurnool in the Madras Presidency. 



Hahits. This, like other species of the genus, inhabits caves and 

 masonry buildings during the day. Like them, too, it has a very 

 disagreeable smell. It is said to utter a very shrill cry. 



Genus RHINOPOMA, Geoffroy (1813). 



Crown of head convex, not greatly raised ; a deep frontal hollow ; 

 ears with their inner margins united by a band across the lioHow ; 

 tragus of moderate size. Muzzle thick, obliquely truncated, pro- 

 jecting cojisid(jrably beyond the lower lip ; nostrils placed some 



