ARTIODACTYLA. 479 



Colour. The body beliind the shoulders, including the rump and 

 npper part of tlie thighs, \\hite or greyish white, tips of the ears the 

 same ; head, limbs, and fore part of body black or dark brown. 



The young at first are velvety black or brownish black, with spots 

 and longitudinal streaks of brownish yellow on the sides and of 

 white below. This coloration changes into that of the adult between 

 4 and 6 months after birth. 



Dimensions. Height at shoulder 3 ft. to 3 ft. 6 in., at rump 

 4 inches higher ; length from nose to tail, over curves, 8 feet. A 

 skull measures 15-75 inches in basal length by 8 in zygomatic 

 breadth. 



Distribution. The Malay Peninsula, extending north in Tenas- 

 serim as far as about N. lat. 15° ; also Sumatra. 



Habits. The Malay tapir is a shy, mild, and gentle creature, 

 inhabiting the wilder forests, and, it is said, avoiding inhabited 

 tracts. It is nevertheless, when captured, easily tamed. It is 

 fond of water, and is said to plunge in and walk along the bottom, 

 instead of swimmiue:. 



Suborder ARTIODACTYLA. 



By far the majority of living Ungulates belong to this suborder, 

 which comprises all the Euu^iuants together with the hippopotami 

 and pigs. 



The digits are even in number, either 2 or 4 on all feet, and the 

 3rd and 4th digits are subequal. No third trochanter on the 

 femur. Dorsal and lumbar vertebra? together always 10. No 

 alisphenoid canal. Nasal bones not expanded behind. Premolar 

 and molar teeth usually dissimilar, the former with a single lobe, 

 the latter bilobed or trilobed. Last lower molar, with very few 

 exceptions, trilobed. Stomach almost always more or less complex. 

 Caecum small. Placenta diifused or cotyledonary. Mammse in- 

 guinal or abdominal. 



A. No upper incisors. Ruminant. 



a. Horns generally present in males, sometimes 

 in females ; second and fifth digits incom- 

 plete, the metapodials rudimentary or absent. PECORA. 

 a'. Horns permanent, a corneous sheath on a 



bony core Bovidae. 



b' . Horns permanent, covered with hairy skin ; 



lateral digits wanting GirafFidae (Africa). 



c'. Horns branched, deciduous, but on un- 



branched bony cores Antilocapridae 



(America). 

 d'. Horns solid, deciduous, generally branched, 



no cores Cervidae. 



h. No horns; second and fifth digits complete. . TRAGULINA. 



Tragulidae. 



