SCUTHERN EUROPE.— INSECTS. 37 
nently distinct from that of the central and northern 
latitudes. As we approach the provinces of Spain, 
Southern Italy, and the Peloponnesus, we find many 
genera which have their chief metropolis in Asia and 
Northern Africa ; while the rapacious family of Cara- 
bide does not exhibit one fifth of the number of species 
which inhabit Britain alone. The same may be said of 
the Staphylinide and the Silphide. On the other hand, 
all those coleopterous, hymenopterous, and other insects 
which delight in a sandy soil similar to that of Africa, 
begin to show themselves; as the genera Scarabeus 
M‘L., Trox, Scarites F., Pimela F., Sphex, Bembex, 
Anthrax, Osmia, Nomada, Chrysis, &c. Ants, as in 
tropical countries, become the universal scavengers, and 
are of numerous species; while of the Termites, or 
white ants, hitherto considered as almost restricted to 
tropical latitudes, one species is found in the south of 
France, and we have discovered another in Sicily. The 
Lepidoptera are less peculiar. One half of the British 
diurnal species are found in Sicily, intermixed with 
others of Central Europe, and with two or three of those 
found in Northern Africa, Among these, the most 
striking and beautiful is the Jusia Europea Sw., the 
Papilio Jasius of the old authors. This noble butterfly, 
however, seems to be rare even in the south of Italy ; 
where, during many years, we captured only two specimens. 
The Eurymus edusa 
of Britain is like- <4 
wise common ; as also aC 
the Pieris Daplicide, 
A. Lathonia, and one 
or two others of our 
rarest butterflies. The 
Gonepteryx  Cleopa- : 
tria takes the place of our G. Rhamni; but all our 
clear-winged Sesi@ seem to be almost unknown in Italy. 
Scorpions, which are happily strangers with us, are 
frequently met with in the houses of Sicily; and we were 
nD 3S 
