58 ON THE GEOGRAPHY OF ANIMALS. 
(80.) The zoological productions of the New World, 
when viewed in their typical examples, are as distinct 
from those of the Old, as the animals of Australia are 
from those of Africa or of Asia. There is also a curious 
analogical resemblance between these two insular con- 
tinents, deserving notice. The northern latitudes of 
America present us with European and Asiatic ani- 
mals; and we can trace in the zoology of Australia, at 
its northern limits, a manifest approximation to the 
productions of Southern Africa. But to what zoological 
province those of America and of Australia are united 
at their southern extremities, is a question on which 
we would not even hazard conjectures ; since the pro- 
ductions of Western and Southern Australia, of Tierra 
del Fuego, and of the Pacific Islands, may almost be 
considered unknown. 
(81.) We shall consider the zoology of the New 
World under three heads, as more calculated to convey 
distinct ideas of the productions of such an immense and 
diversified region. The first may be denominated the 
Arctic or northern ; the second, the temperate or inter- 
mediate ; and the third, the Southern or tropical: a 
fourth might be made to embrace the regions towards 
Cape Horn; but of the productions of these un- 
frequented parts we are at present almost ignorant. 
(82.) The Arctic or northern division includes those 
icy regions commencing at the shores of the Frozen 
Ocean, and extending between the 50th and 60th de- 
grees of north latitude. This demarcation, however, is 
more conjectural than positive, for we are yet without 
that precise information which will point out the southern 
limits of the more northern quadrupeds. For it is natural 
to conclude, that, whatever zoological peculiarities be- 
longed to Arctic America, they would be developed within 
that range, and beyond the northern countries annually 
visited by the migratory or summer birds of the United 
States. Many of these are well known to breed in Ca- 
nada ; and by the more recent researches of Dr. Richard- 
son, in higher latitudes, we find that several of these land 
