NATURAL SYSTEMS. — MACLEAY'S. 91i 
animal kingdom ; in that of the Ametabola among the 
classesof Annulosa, and of the Coleoptera among the orders 
of Mandibulata. It is a disposition, also, which can 
scarcely have escaped our notice on examining the genus 
Phaneus, the fifth type of which contains insects re- 
sembling all the other types, together with P. carnifex, 
which has a form peculiar to this fifth type. What 
this fifth type is to Phaneus, Gymnopleurus is to the 
genus Scarabeus ; that is, while it has a form peculiar 
to itself in G. flagellatus, it contains imsects varying in 
the structure of those parts which remain constant in 
the other sub-genera.”’ * 
(204.) In the foregoing extracts, we trace the first per- 
ception of that system of representation which we have 
elsewhere enlarged upon +t, and which there is every pre- 
sumptive evidence to believe exists throughout nature. , 
Not only does one of the five groups contain types of 
all the rest, together with a form peculiar to itself ; but | 
this principle pervades every natural group, whether | 
Jarge or small. The principle is, undoubtedly, the dis- 
covery of Mr. MacLeay ; and had he prosecuted his re- 
searches, and followed the clue thus afforded him, 
very little, on this subject, would have been left us 
to elucidate. This representation, which he supposed 
to be partial—that is, confined to one only out of the 
five groups—we have found to be universal, and belong- 
ing equally to the other four. 
(265.) We have been induced to devote more space to / 
the deveiopement of the leading principles of this sys- 
tem, than we should otherwise have done, on many 
important accounts. First, because it is unquestionably 
the first which clearly defined any one philosophic prin- 
ciple of classification ; so that, strictly speaking, we must ! 
date the first partial developement of natural arrange- 
ment, from the publication of the Hore Entomologice. 
Lamarck, itis true, traced the outlines of the circle, without 
knowing that he had done so: while Mr. Macleay, 
* Hor. Ent. 518. 2 + Northern Zoology. 
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