292 FIRST PRINCIFLES OF NATURAL CLASSIFICATION. 
system of nature. Having already gone into all neces- 
sary proofs and details respecting the family to which 
it belongs, in another work *, we shall at present merely 
recapitulate the results thereby obtained, The Syl- 
viade, or warblers, are a circular group, holding the rank 
of a family in the tribe of Dentirostres, or tooth-billed 
birds. This family is again divided into sub-families 
corresponding to, and representing, the primary types of 
nature. Now, one of those types is the Rasorial, 
which is the same as the Scansorial among the Perchers, 
and in it we consequently find all those warblers which, 
like the titmice, climb among trees more than any 
other warblers, and thus aptly represent the Scansorial 
parrots and woodpeckers. Still proceeding to analyse 
the contents of every minor division, we have shown 
that the Pariane, or titmice, form a circle of their own, 
and are again divided into genera, the characters and 
analogies of which have been thus stated T: — 
Sub-Family PARITANZ, Titmice. 
Analogical Characters. Genera. Analogies. 
1. Typical group. pre = 
Bill short, strong, conic, entire. Parus. CoNIROSTRES. INSESSORES. 
2. Sub-typical group. 
Bill more lengthened and slen-= 
der, slightly notched comet Sylvicola, Dentirostres. RAPTORES. 
what remotely from the tip. 
3. Aberrant group. 
Feet more especially adapted ) Setophaga. ) FissirostRES NATATORES. 
either for perching, waiting, ¢ Trichas. {resciovrns, GRALLATORES. 
or climbing : bill various. Accentor. ) SCANSORES. RASORES. 
(355.) Thus it is shown that although the Pariane, 
as a whole, represent the scansorial and rasorial division 
of the warblers, still that this division contains within 
itself representations of all the other types, and is there- 
fore a perfect and circular group. If we spoke of the 
titmice generally, we should consequently term them 
the scansorial division or type of the warblers ; but, 
if we wished to be more particular, and to name the 
precise rank of the genus Parus, in its own circle, we 
say that it is the typical genus. M. Cuvier has long 
* North. Zool. vol, ii. p. 203. + Id. ibid. 
