FACULTIES OF THE MIND. 245 
sigh, which intimated his experience of its effects, call it 
deathen. 
In general, when animals have obtained a supply of food, 
they satisfy the cravings of appetite and retire. In other 
cases, the superfluous food of to-day is concealed to pro- 
vide for the cravings of the morrow; or still more ex- 
tensive arrangements are exhibited, in which the bounties 
of harvest are laid up in store against the scarcity of pro- 
vision in winter. 
In the other features of this appetite, there is a much 
greater variety of character. The frequency of the calls of 
hunger, varies according to the species or the habits of the 
individual. Thus, the caterpillar eats almost constantly, 
while the butterfly produced from it, scarcely ever seeks 
after nourishment. In almost all animals, however, there 
are stated intervals, during which the calls of hunger are 
felt, distinguished by a restlessness, or by the emission of 
particular sounds. 
These particular periods when the calls of hunger are 
felt, appear im like manner to follow no general rule with 
regard to the species or even classes of animals. Some 
feed only during the day, and are termed diwrnal, as near- 
ly all the ruminating quadrupeds and land birds; others 
feed only in the twilight, as the bats and owls, and are called 
crepuscular ; while many beasts of prey, aquatic birds, and 
others, prefer the darkness of the night, and are termed 
nocturnal. ‘ 
The predilections of this appetite are equally anomalous : 
Some quadrupeds and birds preferring vegetable, others 
animal matter ;—either in a fresh, a dried, or a putrid state. 
Some species feed on animals and vegetables only while 
these are living, others only while dead. 
In the manner of obtaining food, this instinct, in diffe- 
rent animals, acts in various ways. The spider weaves his 
