198 PHILOSOPHY OF ZOOLOGY. 



Horns bent posteriorly, angular and rougli. 



96. Capra. Goat. With a beard. C. hircus. 



97. Ovis. Sheep. Without a beard. O. aries *. 



b. Cone solid. 



98. Antilope. Antelope. Horns aiinulated and spirally 

 twisted. 



99. RupicAPRA. Chamois. Horns smooth. Capra 

 rupicapra, Lin. To this genus must be provisionally add- 

 ed the Nyl-ghaw (Phil. Trans. 1771, p. 170. tab. v') and 

 Gnu. The ruminating animals all possess, in an exquisite 

 degree, the sense of smell. This has frequently been ob- 

 served of cows, sheep, goats, and the nyl-ghaw. 



B. Horns simple, formed of bone. 



100. Cervus. Deer. Horns deciduous. Tlie horns 

 are produced under a soft velvety skin, which ultimately 

 dries up, and is rubbed oif by the animal. In the spring 

 season they are annually shed, a natural separation form- 

 ing at the base. They are renewed in the course of a few 

 months after. 



In many kinds of deer and antelope, there is a bag on 

 each side of the head, situated between the eye and the 

 nose, which some have considered as destined to hold the 

 tears. The French naturalists, indeed, term them Lar- 

 miers. They have, however, no connection with the tears, 

 or lachrymal ducts; but their glandular walls secrete a 



" CuviER says, ' lis meritaient si peu d'etre separes generiquement des 

 chevres, qu'ils produisent avec elles des metes feconds."— Eeg. Ann. I. 267. 

 In the Statistical Account of the parish of Urr, by the Rev. James Muir. 

 HEAD, it is asserted, that the hybrid produce of the sheep and goat is fer- 

 tile, black-faced, and differs little in form from the black-faced sheep. The 

 intercourse is stated to be common. Vol. xi. p. &6, 



