72 



NA TORE 



[November 20, 1902 



with this hypothesis which appears to render a complete 

 account of all the facts at present known. — Study of the climate 

 of Toulouse from 1863 to 1900, by M. B. Baillaud. — Remarks 

 by M. Haton de la Goupilliere on a recent paper by M. Grehant 

 on the analysis of air from mines. — On the present condition of 

 the volcano at Mont Pelee, by M. A. Lacroix. — Gravity along 

 the mean parallel, by M. J. Collet. — On Cremonian substitutions 

 in space, by M. Leon Autonne. — On the breaking and dis- 

 placement of equilibrium, by M. Jouguet.— On the equivalence 

 of differential systems, by M. E. Cartan. — On certain remarkable 

 equalities.byM.W.Stekloff. — On Hall's phenomenon and thermo- 

 electric power, by M. Edmond van Aubel. According to the 

 views of Nernst and von Ettingshausen, there should be a rela- 

 tion between the thermoelectric power and Hall's phenomenon 

 in metals. It was found by Becquerel that certain alloys of 

 bismuth and antimony and a mixture of bismuth with bismuth 

 sulphide possess very high thermoelectric power, and these 

 have now been examined by the author with respect to the 

 magnitude of the Hall effect. The results confirmed the theory 

 of Nernst and von Ettingshausen. — On the conductivity of solu- 

 tions at low temperalures, by M. J. Kunz. The electric con- 

 ductivities of solutions of sulphuric acid have been determined 

 at temperatures between 0° C. and - 70° C. The conductivity 

 does not vanish at - 39°C. , as had been suggested by Kohlrausch, 

 but diminishes continuously with the temperature. — Some new 

 experiments on the electrical resistance of selenium and its 

 application to the transmission of luminous images and impres- 

 sions, by M. Dussaud. — The artificial production of rubies 

 by fusion, by M. A. Verneuil. The exact conditions ne- 

 cessary for the production of artificial rubies have now 

 been worked out, and specimens have been obtained pos- 

 sessing a fine red fluorescence, and which have been found 

 by the lapidaries employed to cut them to possess the 

 same hardness as natural rubies, and to take the same fine 

 polish. Occasionally, rubies have been made which it is impos- 

 sible to distinguish from natural ones, but as a rule there are 

 slight faults which can he made out on careful examination. — On 

 the alloys of copper and magnesium, by M. O. Boudouard. 

 The fusing points of a series of alloys of copper and 

 magnesium, when arranged on a curve, give three maxima and 

 four minima. The former correspond to the existence of three 

 definite alloys, CuMg„, CuMg and Cu„Mg. The mechanical 

 properties show a general parallelism with those of the 

 aluminium-copper alloys, studied by Debray. — On the presence 

 of volemite in some Primulaceae, by MM. J. Bougault and 

 G. Allard. The polyatomic alcohol, extracted from the roots 

 and rhizomes of Primula grimdiflora, and previously described 

 as primulite, has now been recognised as identical with the 

 volemite of Bourquelot and E. Fischer.— Study of the chemical 

 composition of copal, by M. Marcel Guedras. — On the grouping 

 of crystals of different species, by M. F. Wallerant. — On the 

 development of the ovule in the Asclepiadeae, by M. Paul Dop. 

 —On the Nubian Sandstone, by M. R. Fourtau.— On the 

 nature of the electric currents of the nerve, by M. B. E. 

 Wedensky. — The >o/e of the adipogenic function of the liver 

 in the invertebrates, by Mile. C. Deflandre. — On the ex- 

 istence of arsenic in the animal kingdom, by M. Gabriel 

 Bertrand. The animals examined ranged from the higher 

 vertebrates to the sponges, and in all cases small amounts of 

 arsenic were found. The author concludes that this element forms 

 a fundamental constituent of protoplasm, and points out the 

 bearing of this fact in medico-legal cases. — Remarks on the 

 preceding paper, by M. Armand Gautier. Arsenic is found to 

 be specially localised in the ectodermic organs. It is not 

 peculiar to the animal kingdom, as it has been found in certain 

 Alga; and is probably present in sea water. — On the preparation 

 of a pulverulent sulphur directly miscible with copper solutions, 

 and on the simultaneous treatment of vineyards against oidium 

 and mildew, by MM. A. and M. Campagne.— On the working 

 and feeding of the fountain of Vaucluse, by M. E. A. Martel. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDA Y, November 20. 

 Royal Society, at 4.30.— Report on the Recent Eruption of the 

 Soufriere in St. Vincent and of a Visit to Mont Pelee. Part I. : Dr. 

 Tempest Anderson and Dr. J. S. Flett.— On the Correlation of the 

 Mental and Physical Characters in Man- Part II. : Miss A. Lee, Miss 

 M. A. Lewenzand Prof. K. Pearson, F.R.S.— Contributions to a Theory 

 of the Capillary Electrometer. II. On an Improved Form of Instrument : 

 G. J. Burch, F. K.S.— An Experimental Determination of the Variation 

 of the Critical Velocity of Water with Temperature : Dr. E. G. Coker 

 and S. B. Clement. 



Linnean Society, at 8. — Digestion in Plants : Prof. Sydney H. Vines, 

 F. R.S — Relation of Histogenesis to Tissue-Morphology : A. G. Tansley. 

 — Stelar Structure of Scbizsa and other Ferns : L. A. Boodle. 

 FRIDAY, November 21. 



Institution of Mechanical Engineers, at 8. — Adjourned Discussion 

 upon Captain C. C. Longridge's Paper on Oil Motor Cars of 1902. — And, 

 time permitting, Recent Practice in the Design, Construction and Opera- 

 tion of Raw Cane Sugar Factories in the Hawaiian Islands: J. N. S. 

 Williams. 



Epidemiological Society, at 8.30.— What is Climatic Disease : Lieut.- 

 Col. A. M. Davies. 



MONDAY, November 24. 



Institute of Actuaries, at 5. — Inaugural Address by the President, 

 Mr. W. Hughes. 



Society of Arts, at 8.— The Future of Coal Gas and Allied Illuminants : 

 Prof. Vivian B. Lewes. 



Royal Geographical Society, at 8.30.— Explorationsin Western China : 

 Capt. C. H. D. Ryder, R.E. 



TUESDA Y, November 25. 



Institution of Civil Engineers, at t,.— Paper to ie further discussed : 

 Electric Tramways : C. Hopkinson, B. Hopkinson and E. Talbot. 



Anthropological Institute, at 8.15.— Anthropometric Investigations 

 among the Native Troops of the Egyptian Army : Dr. C. S. Myers.— 

 The Oldest Bronze Age Ceramic Type in Britain : Hon. J. Abercromby 

 WEUNESKAY, November 26. 



Society of Arts, at 8. — Le Tunnel du Simplon, et la nouvefle Ligne de 

 Chemin de Fer Directe Anglo-Italienne pour 1'Orient : Prof. Gustave 

 Goegg. 



THURSDAY, November 27. 



Royal Society, at 4.30. — Probable papers :— Experiments on the Effect 

 of Mineral Starvation on lhe Farasttism of the Uredine Fungus Puccinia 

 dispcrsa on Species of Bromus : Prof. H. M. Ward, F.R.S.— Note upon 

 Descending Intrinsic Spinal Tracts in the Mammalian Cord : Prof. C. S. 

 Sherrington, F.R.S., and Dr. E. E. Laslett.— The Inter-relationship of 

 Variola and Vaccinia; with Special Reference to the Possible Deriva- 

 tion of Cow-pox from the Inoculated Form of Small-pox in Man : Dr. 

 S. Monckton Copeman.— The Colour-Physiology of Higher Crustacea : 

 F. Keeble and Dr. F W. Gamble. 



Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 8.— On Electrons: Sir 

 Oliver Lodge, F.R.S. 



CONTENTS. page 



Berzelius andSWbhler. By T. E. T 49 



A Biological Philosopher. By Prof. J. Arthur 



Thomson 5° 



An Indian Pocket-Flora 5 2 



The Laws of Geography. By H. R M 53 



Our Book Shelf:— 



Sewell : " The Elements of Electrical Engineering. A 



First Year's Course for Students."— M. S 53 



Schofield : "The Force of Mind: or, the Mental 



Factor in Medicine."— W. McD 54 



Jones: " Introductory Chemistry for Intermediate 



Schools."— S. S 54 



Williams: "Next to the Ground; Chronicles of a 



Country Side." By R. L 54 



Riviere : " L'Age de la Pierre " 55 



Green: " Flora of the Liverpool District " 55 



Tuckey : " Examples in Algebra " 55 



Cecil: " Children's Gardens " 55 



Long : " School of the Woods : some Life Studies of 



Animal Instincts and Animal Training" 55 



Bosworth : " Macmillan's Short Geography of the 



World" 55 



Letters to the Editor :— 



Note on the Discovery of the Human Trypanosoma— 

 Prof. Rubert Boyce, Major Ronald Ross, 



F.R.S., Prof. Ch. S. Sherrington'F.R.S. . . 56 

 The Secular Bending of a Marble Slab under its own 



Weight.— Dr. T. J. J. See 5& 



November Swallows.— G. W. Bulman 56 



The Mycenaean Discoveries in Crete. By H. R. Hall 57 

 The Second Instalment of the Ben Nevis Observ- 

 ations. By Dr. W. N. Shaw, F.R.S 6r 



Notes 6z 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Change of Focus in the Light from Nova Persei ... 66 



New Minor Planets 67 



Observations of the Aurora °7 



Cooperation in Observing Stellar Radial Velocities . . 67 



The Markings of Venus ■ &7 



The Nernst Lamp. (Illustrated.) By Dr. C C. Garrard 67 

 Natural Proportions in Architecture. (Illustrated.) 



By Jay Hambidge 68 



Earthquakes and Earth Physics °9 



The Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow ... 7° 



University and Educational Intelligence 7° 



Societies and Academies 7° 



Diary of Societies 7 2 



N 



O. 1725, VOL. 67] 



