33^ 



NA TURE 



[February 2, 1905 



principal mineral constituents. Produces seven sections, 

 e.g. granitic, gabbroic, theralitic, S:c. (3) Based on com- 

 inunity of origin from similar parent magmas. The latter 

 Hre defined by the presence of certain index minerals in 

 the consolidated rocks (e.g. a granite, a granite-aplite, and 

 a rhyolite, &c., may all be derived from one magma; other 

 granites, rhyolites, &c., will be derived from similar 

 magmas). Produces twelve orders, e.g. granates, essexates, 

 &c. (4) Based on habit of mass. Produces seven families 

 i:: each order, 1'.^. granophites, dioromicrites, gabbro- 

 lavites (basalts), &-c. (5) Based on nature of minor mineral 

 constituents. Produces a number of genera in each family, 

 I'.;,'. muscbigranophite, anaugi-hyper-peridotite (harz- 

 burgite). (6) Based on texture, but to be applied only in 

 families where there is much variety of texture. Produces 

 subgenera, e.g. spheri-mono-rhyolite, graphi-bi-rhyolite, 

 ^c. The system of nomenclature described is an elabor- 

 ation of that already proposed by the author in a pre- 

 liminary paper in the Geological Magazine (1901). 

 Bengal. 

 Asiatic Society of Bengal. January 4. — llierarchv of the 

 Dalai Lama (i4ofr-i726) : Rai Sarat Chandra Das. The 

 author gives a history of the origin and growth of power 

 of the Dalai Lama. — On the prevalence of fevers in the 

 Dinajpur district : Dr. L. Rogers. This paper deals 

 with the results of a special inquiry into the causes of 

 the very high mortality of above forty per thousand in 

 the Dinajpur district. It is shown that the higher death 

 rates in certain places are due mainly to malaria, the 

 increased prevalence of which is closely related to a high 

 ground water level due to unalterable physical conditions 

 of the district. In the second part of the paper the 

 varieties of fever met with and distribution of the 

 anopheles which can carry the infection are dealt with, 

 and the impracticability of mosquito destruction as a 

 preventive measure in the district as a whole is pointed 

 cut. The wider distribution of quinine in each village 

 through the agency of the primary schoolmasters so as 

 to reach the children, who mainly die of the disease, is 

 recommended as the only practicable method of lessening 

 the death rates from malaria among the people of Lower 

 Bengal. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDA y, February 2. 

 RovAL Society, at 4.30.-011 the Compre.ssibilitv of Gases between 

 One Atmosphere and Half an Atmosphere of Pressure : Lord Ray- 

 leigh, O.M., F.R S— On the "Blaze Currents" of the Gall Bladder 

 of the Pros: Mrs. A. M. Waller.— The Theory of Photographic 

 Processes : On the Chemical Dynamics of Development : S. E. Sheppard 

 and C. E. K. Mees.-On the Relation between Variations of Atmospheric 

 Pressure in North-East Africa, and the Nile Flood : Capt H. G. Lyons. 

 —Note on the Determination of the Volume Elasticity of Elastic Solids : 



of Light near the 



Pola 



W. Schlich 



. Chree. F.R.S.— Theory of the Refle 

 Ang Angle : Prof. R. C. Maclaurin. 

 Institution, at 5. — Forestry in the 



British Empir 



Prof. 



Civil, AND Mechanical Engineers' Society, at 8.— The Mechanics of 



Flour Milling : A. R. Tattersall. 

 LlNNEAN Society, at 3.— Descriptions of New Chinese Plants (with lantern 



slides) : W. J. Tutcher.— European Cirolanina: (Isopoda) : Dr. H. J. 



Rontgen Society, at 8 15.- Some Points in the Construction of a High 

 Frequency Machine: Dr. Clarence A. Wright. 



Chemical Society, at 8.— Studies in the Csraphane Series. Part xvi. 

 Camphorylcarbimide and Isomeric Camphorylcarbamides : M. O. Forster 

 and H. E. Fierz. 



FRIDAY, Februarys. 



Royal Institution, at o.— Blood Pressure in Man: Prof. T. Clifford 

 Allbutt, F.R.S. 



Geologists' Association, at 7.30. — Addres.s on Modern Methods in the 

 Study of Fossils : the President, Dr. A. Smith Woodward, F.R. S. 

 MONO A r, Feuruary 6. 



Society of Chemical Industry, at 8.— The Theory of Dyeing. Part ii. 

 Pseudo-solution and Desolulion : W. P. Dre.iper.— The Fading of Inks 

 and Pigments : J. W. Lovibond. 



Society of Arts, at 8.— Fountain Pens: James P. Maginnis. 

 TUESDA K, February 7. 



Royal Institution, at 5.— The Structure and Life of Animals : Prof. 

 L. C. Miall, F.R.S. 



Zoological Society, at 8.30.— On .Abnormal Ranid Larva from North- 

 eastern India: Nelson Annandale. —On a Second Collection of Fishes 

 made by S. L. Hinde in the Kenya Di^trict, East Africa : G. \. Boulcn- 

 Eer, F.R.S.— On some Points in the Anatomy of Diademodon : Dr. R. 

 Broom. — Notes on the Mammals of Southern Cameroons and the Benito : 

 George L. Bates. 



Institution of Civil Engineers, at 8. — Discrission : Floating Docks; 

 L. E. Clark.— /'a/^«: Alfreton Second Tunnel : E. F. C. Trench.— The 

 Reconstruction of MoncreitTe Tunnel : Dugald McLellan. 



H^EDlfESDAY, February 8. 



Society of Arts, at 8.— Time Development in Photography, and Modern 



Mechanical Methods of carrying it out : R. Child Bayley. 



THURSDAY, February 9. 



Royal Society, at i,.-io.— Probable Papers: (i) On the Conversion ol 



Electric Oscillations into Continuous Currents by means of a Vacuum 



Valve: (2) On a Kummeter for the Measurement of the Length of Long 



Electric Waves, and also small Inductances and Capacities: Prof. J. A. 



Fleming, F.R.S.— Report on an Area of Local Magnetic Disturbance in 



East Loch Roag, Lewes. Hebrides: Captain A. M. Field, R.N.— 



Phosphorescence caused by the Beta and Gamma Rays of Radium : 



G. T. Beilby. — (i) The Spectrum of Scandium and its Relation to 



Celestial Spectra ; (2) Note on the Spectrum of ft Centauri ; (3) On the 



Stellar Line near A 4686: Sir Norman Lockyer, K.C.D., F.K.S., and 



E. Ba.vandall— On Europium and its Ultra-Violet Spectrum : Sir 



■■ nCrookes, F.RS. 



nstitution, at 5.- Foreslry in the British Empire: Prof. W. 

 1. F.R.S. 



rioN OF Electrical Fngineer-:, at 8.— Fuel Economy in Steam 

 Plants: W. H. Booth and J. B. C. Kershaw. {Conclusion of 

 ■ ,)— The Value of Overhead Mains for Electric Distribution in 

 the United Kingdom : G. L. Addenbrooke. 

 Mathematical Society, at 5.30— General Theory of Transfinite Num- 

 bers and Order-types : Dr. E. W. Hobson. — On the Reducibility of 

 Covariants of Binary Quantics of Infinite Order. Part ii : Mr. P. W. 

 Wood. 



FRIDAY. February 10. 

 Royal Institution, at g.— The .\rt of the Ionian Greeks: Dr. Cecil 



Willi! 



tOYAL 



Schlic 



Powe 



Smith. 

 Royal Astronomical Society, a 



M-ALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY. — .^nnu 

 President, Mr. E. R. Sykes, o 

 Recent Mollusca. 



Institution op Civil Engii 



Santa Lucia River Bridge, Uruguay : P. J. Risdo 



5. — Anniversary Meeting. 

 \\ General Meeting. Address by the 

 I Variation (including Teratology) in 



at 8.— The Reconst; 



NO. 1840, VOL. 71] 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



The Quintessence of Haeckelismus 313 



A Useful Book for Fruit Growers. By R. H. P. . . 314 



A Traveller's Companion. By G. A. J. C 315 



The Teaching of Science. By A. T. S 316 



Our Book Shelf :— 



Sulro : "The Basic Law of Vocal Utterance"; 



"Duality of Voice and Speech. An Outline of 



Oiiginal Research''; "Duality of Thought and 



Language. An Outline of Original Research" . . 317 



Bolton : " A Select Bibliography of Chemistry, 1492- 



I902."-J.B. C 317 



Guiion : " Hints on Collecting and Preserving Plants " 317 



Butt: " Practical Retouching " 317 



Wagner: " Stories from Natural History " 317 



Letters to the Editor : — 



Compulsory Greek at Cambridge. — A. B. Basset, 



F.R.S 318 



Can Birds Smell ?— Dr. Alex. Hill 313 



The Origin of Radium.— W. C. D. 'Whetham, 



F-R-S. 319 



Fact in Sociology. — H. G. Wells 319 



The Fertilisation of Jasininuni niidijiorum. — Prof. 



John G. McKendrick, F.R.S 319 



The Moon and the Barometer. — [Wilh Diagram.) 



Alex. B. MacDowall 320 



Reversal in Influence Machines. — Charles E. 



Benham 320 



Dates of Publication of Scientific Books. — R. P. 



Paraiypye 320 



Super-cooled Rain Drops. — Cecil Carus-Wilson . . 320 



Para Rubber. (Ilhtstrateii.) By C. Simmonds . . . 321 



Prehistoric England, [lllustraled.) 322 



Meeting of the British Association in South Africa 323 



The Royal Commission on Coal Supplies 324 



Notes 325 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Asuononiical Occurrences in February 328 



Jupiter's Sixth Satellite 329 



Ephemeris for Comet 1904 c 329 



Solar Eclipse Problems 329 



The Conditions in the Solar Atmosphere during 



1900-1 329 



Triangulation of the Pleiades Stars 329 



A Bright Meteor 329 



The General Motion of Clouds 329 



American Hydroids 331 



University and Educational Intelligence 331 



Societies and Academies 333 



Diary of Societies 336 



