118 
NATORE 
| NovEMBER 29, 1906 
been re-appointed demonstrator to the Jacksonian professor 
until September 30, Ig11. > 
The Cavendish professor of experimental physics and 
the Lucasian professor of mathematics have elected Mr. 
F. Horton, fellow of St. John’s College, to be Clerk Max- 
well student in succession to Mr. O. W. Richardson, of 
Trinity College, who has resigned the scholarship. 
received two 
toward 
and 
Tue treasurer of Guy’s Hospital has 
anonymous donations of 200]. and iol. respectively 
the fund for the endowment of medical education 
research at Guy’s Hospital. 
As part of the scheme of university courses in advanced 
zoology, Dr. W. G. Ridewood will deliver two lectures on 
““The Structure and Affinities of Cephalodiscus’’ in the 
zoological lecture-room of University College, Gower 
Street, W.C., at 5 p.m. on December 5 and 12. Admission 
to the lectures is free by ticket obtainable on application 
to the Academic Registrar, University of London. 
Ir has been suggested to provide a regularly equipped 
central station for lighting the buildings of the University 
of Sydney. The. work in this station might, it is thought, 
form part of the college engineering course. In addition 
to work connected with the generation of power, the 
scheme would provide opportunity for testing for faults 
in mains, and for training in the commercial side of 
station work. 
Tue Senate of the University of London has received 
from the Clerk of the Privy Council an intimation that the 
King in Council has approved the new statutes made for 
the management of University College and for the con- 
stitution and management of the North London or Uni- 
versity College Hospital and the School of Advanced 
Medical Studies connected therewith. All the arrangements 
made in connection with the incorporation of University 
College in the University will come into operation on 
January 1, 1907. 
Tue University of California has been presented with 
the herbarium and botanical library of Mr. and Mrs. T. S. 
Brandegee, of San Diego. The herbarium, Science states, 
is one of the most important in the west of the United 
States, since it contains something more than 100,000 
sheets of carefully selected plants, mostly representative 
of the Mexican flora, which for many years has been Mr. 
Brandegee’s chosen field, and of the flora of California 
and neighbouring States, which has received careful treat- 
ment at the hands of Mrs. Brandegee. We learn from 
the same source that the Academy of Natural Sciences of 
Philadelphia has acquired two important zoological collec- 
tions. One of these is the Gulick collection of Hawaiian 
land shells, which served as the basis of Rev. John T. 
Gulick’s well-known work, ‘‘ Evolution: Racial and 
Habitudinal,’’ and the other is the Tristram collection of 
birds, numbering some 7ooo skins and representing up- 
wards of 3000 species. This is the second. collection made 
by the late Canon Tristram, the first one having been 
secured some years ago by the Liverpool Museum. 
TuHouGH it was more common a few years ago, there 
is still a disposition in-some educational circles to refer to 
the study of the applied sciences as merely ‘* bread-and- 
butter studies.” In a recent address to the Wolverhamp- 
ton Technical Schools, published in pamphlet form by 
Messrs. Longmans, Green and Co., Prof. Ripper has much 
of value and interest to say as to this contention. He 
urges, very rightly, that these studies, if properly pursued, 
must develop. scientific methods of thought and give new 
and higher interests to the student. As Prof. Ripper 
said, ‘‘ The same spirit which originally led to the study 
of technical science will tend also to the desire to travel 
beyond it. The same qualities which have made the 
technical expert, will tend also to make the enlightened 
and cultured citizen.”’ The address concludes with an 
optimistic estimate of the educational outlook. There is, 
Prof. Ripper thinks, much more demand than formerly 
for technically trained assistants. Employers are offering 
facilities for extended courses of study for their appren- 
tices; for example, several firms in’ Sheffield arrange for 
some of their apprentices six months’ study at the uni- 
versity and six months’ study in the works. Employers, 
too, are immensely stimulating the work of education by 
NO. 1935, VOL. 75] 
| There 
| graphical Ideals. 
making their appointments and promotions depend in an 
increasing degree upon educational fitness. 
Tue anniversary address of the Royal Scottish “Geo- 
graphical Society was delivered by Sir George Goldie, 
president. of the Royal Geographical Society, on 
November 22. The subject of the address. was ‘* Geo- 
” 
Among a variety of subjects discussed 
in the address, great prominence was given to the question 
of the value of geography in war. ~This value, Sir George 
Goldie said, might be best brought home to our own 
countrymen by recalling the enormous expenditure in 
which the want both of maps and of geographical training 
of our officers indirectly involved us during the Boer war. 
He went on to say that he could speak confidently on these 
points from having served for nearly a year on the Royal 
Commission on the South African War. He added that 
the lesson of the war in this respect has not been altogether 
forgotten. During the last four years a certain amount 
of money has been expended in Imperial mapping of 
hitherto unsurveyed regions, and if this process is not 
altogether arrested by a spirit of false economy, we may 
possibly at some distant date possess fairly adequate maps 
of all British possessions. Our ideal must be to reach the 
level attained by Japanese and German officers. Sir 
George Goldie finally dwelt upon the importance of 
educating the people on the subject of geography, and its 
removal from the subjects of the examinations for the 
Foreign Office and Diplomatic Service. 
Tue report of the work of the department of technology 
of the City and Guilds of London Institute for the session 
1905-6 is now available. Statistics are given showing the 
continuous growth of the worl of the department since 1879. 
The number of subjects in which examinations were held 
during the session under review was the same as in the 
preceding year, but the number of separate classes in- 
creased from 2601 to 2820, the largest number recorded. 
was, too, a marked increase in the number of 
students in attendance, the number having risen from 
41,618 to 44,464. At the examinations at the end of the 
session 20,610 candidates were presented in subjects of 
technology, and of these 11,665 passed. Numerous candi- 
dates were examined in India and the colonies. We 
notice that Cape Colony, Jamaica, Malta, Suez, Melbourne, 
Granville (New South Wales), all presented candidates, 
but that the largest contingent of colonial candidates was 
that sent by New Zealand. The system of inspection 
inaugurated by the institute grows in usefulness. The in- 
spectors appointed by the institute are men and women 
possessing somewhat different qualifications from those of 
the inspectors of the Board of Education, and their work 
is supplementary to that of the Board. Whilst the Board’s 
inspectors report upon the general equipment of technical 
schools and upon the general character of the teaching, 
those of the institute are concerned only with the special 
facilities provided for trade instruction, and report on the 
methods and the value of the cae as_ part of the train- 
ing of artisans. 
“SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES, 
Lonpon. 
Chemical Society, November 15 —Prof. R. Meldola, F.R.S.. 
president,’ in the chair.—The determination of the rate of 
chemical change by measurement of gases evolved. Pre- 
liminary notice: F. E. E. Lamplough. When a chemical 
reaction takes place in solution resulting in the formation’ 
of a gaseous substance, the solvent becomes supetsaturated 
with the gas. The excess of gas so dissolyed may be 
almost entirely expelled by brisk agitation. Under con- 
ditions of efficient stirring the rate of evolution of a gas 
furnishes an accurate and trustworthy method of investi- 
gating reactions.—The formation and reactions of imino- 
compounds, part ii., condensation of benzyl cyanide leading 
to the formation of 1:3-diaminonaphthalene and _ its 
derivatives: E. F. J. Atkinson and J. F. Thorpe.—Note 
on the anhydride of phenylsuccinic acid: F. B. Dehn and 
J. F. Thorpe. The authors conclude that the anhydride 
of phenylsuccinic acid exists only in one form, which melts 
at 53°-54°.—Influence of sodium arsenate on the ferment- 
ation of glucose by yeast-juice. Preliminary notice: A. 
Harden and W. J. Young. It has been previously shown 
