lyo The Ottawa Naturalist. 



in places have a depth of nearly a hundred feet ; but though un- 

 doubtedly of marine origin, they have as yet, in this particular 

 locality yielded no marine organisms. This is however a feature 

 observed in most of the clays of the upper Ottawa basin, the 

 marine shells being almost entirely confined to the overlying 

 sands and gravels. The same mode of occurrence is observed 

 near the St. Lawrence at River Bcaudette, where a ridge of 

 gravel, in places very coarse in character, has yielded the valves 

 of a large Balanus as well as other marine forms. Characteristic 

 Chazy rocks, however appear in the stream at Douglas Village, 

 underlying the Black River formation and extend up the valley 

 oi the Bonnechere for some distance. They are also well ex- 

 posed at the Fourth Chute about midway between Douglas and 

 Eganvillc, and at this place there is " remarkable subterranean 

 channel, where a part of the water turns off at right angles to 

 the general course, running northerly, for about ten chains, 

 through a great cavern. This cavern ^is usually nearly dry, 

 excepting during freshets, but has been turned to advantage by 

 throwing a dam across the main body of the river near the 

 middle of the fall. This turns through a sufficient quantity of 

 water to convert the channel into a mill-race, and the fall at the 

 lower end is applied to drive the wheel of the mill.*" The Black 

 River limestones are also wel.l exposed on the north side of the 

 river to the west of Douglas and contain characteristic fossils of 

 the formation. 



Going west from Eganville we traverse considerable areas 

 of drift, the underlying rocks being the gneisses and limestones 

 of the Taurentian, till wc reach Golden Lake station. This is 

 situated near the lower end of Golden Lake, a beautiful sheet 

 of water about eight miles in length, around the shores of which 

 the crystalline rocks are well exposed, and these occupy the 

 country to Killaloe near the upper end of the lake. Here the 

 gneisses are in great force and well stratified. The cuttings 

 along the road between Golden Lake station and this point arc 



*Gcoli)gy of Canada, p. 176, 1863. 



