252 W. Hopkins on Changes of Climate. 
tion of the snow-line, with reference to the line of 32°, in the 
former case than in the latter. These general causes, independ- 
ently of the action of mere partial causes, are sufficient to ex- 
plain the general results of observation above given 
23. After the preceding considerations respecting the relative 
positions of the = of 32° F. and the snow-line, I pr to 
examine the distances, measured vertically, to which the princi- 
pal known Doce descend below this latter line, which forms 
the limit of a glacier’s superficial increase. Such distance must 
depend on the depth of the glacier, the rate of its motion, @ 
the activity of the destructive agencies to which it is ex 
pected, as appears from the following table. ‘The glaciers speci 
fied are all of the first order in magnitude, except, perhaps, that 
of the Maladetta. 
Height ape os Heig’t of} i « 
Names. above Name of glaciers. low'r em be 4 
the sea.| 5 of glac*r.¢n sae 
“feet. | feet. | “feet. | feet. 
La Maladetta 11,300 2,000. Gl. de la Maladetta -7,600_|_1,700_ 
ek..+..| 15,000| 4,700 Desdaroki....-.- \6,400_ | 330 
f og abbas is 4,300 Gl. des Bois ..... 3,700. | 5,300 
| A Behe bor ae | 5900 pai 
Gl. des Bos 
The Alps, Mont Blane | 16,000 weft! ct oc Breas | 4a = 
Mas 1 de Grindelwald 3,500 | 5,0 
| Grindel wall cae 4,500 ‘GL d’Aletsch .... 4,500 4 
C ountains. | § | GL de P 14 saps Fit na 
7 500 
soll aia wal | eeatalatinates 6,800 | 1,300 (GL of Lodalskaabe | 1,700 say 
an Fields, (Plateau of Ju- | Gl. of Niygaate «. 1,100 | 4 
| [ stedal.... 1 6,000 | soo Go Naas Th 13500} 4,000) 
The Table is ee Fon er memoir of M. Durocher, in the nee des 
Mines, 4 sér. tom. 847. 
Tt will be hea that the descent of the Aar glacier below 
the snow-line is considerably less than that of any other equal 
large glacier enumerated in the above table. This I concelve 
to be due to the very small inclination of the bed of that glacier 
towards its lower extremity. If we reject this example as 
alous, the mean descent of the remaining nine great g 
low the snow-line is about 4500 feet. we 
here are also three glaciers in the Himalayas, from the 
tremities of which the Pindur, the Gori, and the Ganges noe 
The cers ed of these sources have been incidentally abo 
being respectively 11,946, 11,543, and 13,500 feet 
Taking Enipe: Strachey’s-estimate of the height of the snow 
 * See a Strachey’s Paper “On the Snow-line in the Himdlay sod 
Soc., Bengal, April 1 1849; and Edinb, New Phil. Journ.. vol. xvii, R 
Cecarene Ben ac eceraRy of the Provinces vinces of Kumion and Garhwal’ Fier 
laciers be- 
