84 W. Hopkins on Changes of Climate. 
On examining this table, we remark that in latitude 20° N, ot 
20° S., the mean of the temperatures of the land stations exceeds 
the mean of the sea stations ; and in latitude 30° N, there is asim- 
ilar small excess. In latitude 40° N. there is no-sensible excess, 
aud in latitude 50° N. the mean of the two land stations is about 
10° less than that of the sea stations. It would thus appear that 
the effect of continents within the first 40° of latitude. has the 
effect of increasing slightly the mean annual temperature of the 
most central parts of such continents, although it would appeat 
from the previous table ($ L7, p. 82) that the existence of such 
stations, compared with that of the sea station, in latitude 50°, is 
large. We might hence be led to conclude that a diminution of 
land and increase of sea along that parallel, such as would result 
from the depression of Europe beneath the ocean, would be at- 
tended with a considerable increase in mean annual temperature 
in the region thus become sea. This effect however would be very 
different in different continental regions along the same parallel. 
The effect would be greatest in the most central parts of the con- 
rope (long. 30° E.) The temperatures of these stations (assum 
ing always the absence of the Gulf-stream) will be— 
Ai jLong 10°R. Dif.) Long. 30° E.| Dit | 
° 
January temperature, 5 dn 4 40 14 B4 
July temperatue, . 654 | 68 
BO ee i 45 | 41 
The mean of 45° and 41° is 43°, which is not 1° less than the 
mean of the two sea stations of the same latitude. This tends to 
prove that the conversion of Europe into sea would have little 
effect on the mean annual temperature of those portions of It 
which lie contiguous to the parallel of 50° latitude, and especially . 
in western Europe, the region, for instance, lying between the 
parallels of the Alps and the southern shores of the Baltic. At 
the same time the winter temperature would be increased and that 
of summer diminished to an equal amouut, since their mean re 
mains the same. If we suppose the change in each of these tem 
peratures to be 4° for the station above-mentioned (long. 10° E.); 
we shall have for that Station,— 
January temperature, . . . . 29°2 20 
July cf on i 7 
45 
Lad ° > - . . 
Mean, -.~.-4 
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