298 Bibliography. 
wayfarer through this pathless waste, are reflected back from the white 
or ash-colored walls that rise around, unmitigated by a breath of alty 
or the shelter of a solitary shrub. 
he drooping spirits ef the scorched explorer are not permitted, 
however, to flag. The fossil treasures of the way, well repay its sul- 
triness and fatigue. At every me objects of the highest interest pre- 
sent themselves. Em ed in the debris, lie strewn, in the grealest 
profusion, organic relics of seaaincs animals. All speak of a vast fresh- 
‘water deposit of the early Tertiary Period, and disclose the former ex- 
istence of most remarkable races, that roamed about in bygone ages 
high up in the Valley of the Missouri, towards the sources of its wes 
tern tributaries ; where now pastures the big-horned Ovis montana, the 
shaggy buffalo or American bison, and the elegant and slooderifs con- 
structed antelope. 
very specimen as yet brought from the Bad Lands, proves to be.of 
species that became exterminated before the mammoth and mastodon 
lived, and which differ in their specific character, not alone from all liv- 
ing animals, but also from all ene obtained even from cotemporane- 
ous geological formations elsew 
long with a single existing akan the Rhinoceros, many new gene- 
ta never before known to science have been discovered, and some, '0 
us at this day, anomalous pase which combine in a anatomy 
structures now found only in different orders. They f m, indeed, 
connecting links between the pachyderms, vlaniigoeaant ‘ob digiti- 
es. For example, in one of the specimens from this strange local 
me described by Dr. Leidy under the name of Archeotherium, we find 
ted characters belonging now to the above three orders; for the 
pec teeth are constructed after the model of those of the hog, pecc® 
ry, and babyroussa; the canines as in the bear; while the upper pat 
of the skull, the cheek-bones, and the temporal fossa assume the 
and dimensions which belong to the cat tribe. Another, the Oreodon 
of Leidy, has grinding teeth like the elk and deer, with canines resem 
bling the omnivorous thick-skinned animals; being, in fact, @ mee 
which lived both on flesh and vegetables, and yet chewed the cud me 
our cloven-footed grazers. 
ssociated with these extinct races, we behold ae in the saw 
Terres, abundant remains of fossil pachydermata, of gigantic dimen 
sions, and allied in their anasaeny: § to that aeonien family of pro 
ean animals, of which the tapir ma be takes asa ens jt 
while, in 
the: 
gy psum quarries of Mon ntmartre, near Paris, but are distinct in spe ae 
and one, at least,of this genus, discovered in the Bad La nds (4 
therium Proutii), must have attained a much larger size t ae te 
which the Paris basin afforded. In a green, argillo-calcareouss i 
stratum, situated within ten feet of the base of the sections #J® 
