Evans: THREE SOUTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF ASTERELLA 473 
slime-papillae short-lived and inconspicuous, marginal cells 
smaller and more irregular than the median cells, appendages 
one or two, usually distinctly constricted at the base, narrowly 
ovate to lanceolate, mostly 0.35-0.75 mm. long and 0.15-0.35 
mm. wide, the apex rarely rounded, usually obtuse, acute or api- 
culate, the margin entire or vaguely crenulate from projecting 
cells, cells averaging about 45 x 25 uw, one or two smaller cells with 
oil-bodies often present: inflorescence autoicous: male inflores- 
cence borne on a very short ventral branch (so far as observed), 
consisting of a cluster of antheridia, variable in number, and 
destitute of marginal paleae, ostioles short: female inflorescence 
variable in position, sometimes borne on a branch of a dichotomy, 
sometimes on a ventral branch, variable in length; peduncle mostly 
I.5-5 cm. long, with very long scattered paleae and an apical 
cluster, more or less pigmented with purple; disc of receptacle 
often purple, mostly 4-7 mm. across, delicate in texture, the center 
depressed-hemispherical, mostly four-lobed to about the middle, 
the lobes spreading almost horizonfally, broadening out and 
separated by sharp sinuses, upper surface covered over with coarse 
tubercles, making the margins appear crenate, involucres green 
to purple, undivided, entire or nearly so, not reaching the margins 
of the lobes; pseudoperianth extending downward and outward, 
yellowish brown at the base and rarely throughout, usually for 
the most part deep vinous purple, mostly twelve- to sixteen-cleft, 
the divisions becoming filiform upon drying, coherent at the apex: 
capsule brown to purple, circumscissile by an irregular line; 
spores brown, translucent, mostly 80-90 in diameter, wit 
thin and wavy, minutely crenulate wings 12-14 wu wide along the 
edges, entire surface minutely and closely punctulate or with 
short and irregular lines, spherical face showing in addition a 
coarse and usually regular reticulum, the meshes mostly 20-30 u 
across, enclosed by the marginal wings and a series of similar 
anastomosing ridges, each plane face with a similar but often 
incomplete reticulum, margins of wings and ridges darker and 
somewhat thicker, marked by subparallel lines, and often showing 
minute interstices especially at points of junction; elaters brown, 
variously curved, mostly 300-360 u long and 8-10 u wide, tapering 
slightly to the blunt ends, mostly bispiral throughout. 
On rocks and banks of streams; known only from the Andes. 
The following specimens have been examined: 
Ecuapor: Quito, W. Jameson (N. Y., listed by Mitten, as 
Fimbriaria elegans, in Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 3: 361. 1851); 
Pichincha, R. Spruce (N. Y.; type of Fimbriaria macropoda, 
