254 Scientific Intelligence. 
SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE. 
J. CuEemistry AND Puysics. 
1. On the Diamagnetic Conditions of Flame and Gases; by Mi- 
cHAEL Farapay, F.R.S., (Phil. 10.)—Faraday alludes in 
the first place to the discovery of M. Bancalari on the magnetism o 
flame, and the recent researches on this subject by Zantedeschi. He 
then proceeds with the details of his own experiments, by which he has 
confirmed these results. 
“ The electro-magnet used was the powerful one described in the Ex- 
perimental Researches, 2247. The two terminal pieces of iron form- 
ing the virtual magnetic poles, were each 1-7 inch square and six inches 
long ; but the ends were shaped to a form approaching that of a cone, 
of which the sides have an angle of about 100°, and the axis of which 
is horizontal and in the upper surface of the pieces of iron. The apex 
each end was rounded; nearly a tenth of an inch of the cone be- 
ing in this way removed. When these terminations are brought near 
to each other, they give a powerful effect in the magnetic field, and the 
axial line of magnetic force is of course horizontal, and on a level nearly 
with the upper surface of the bars. I have found this form exceed- 
ingly advantageous in a great variety of experiments. 
““ When the flame of a wax taper was held near the axial line, but 
on one side or the other, about one-third of the flame rising above the 
level of the upper surface of the poles, as soon as the magnetic force 
was on, the flame was affected, and receded from the axial line, mov- 
ing equatorially, until it took an inclined position, as if a gentle wind 
was causing its deflection from the upright position, an effect which 
ceased the instant the magnetism was removed. 
“cc 
eal 
- 
ir) 
@ 
= 
4 
< 
i@>) 
s 
b=) 
2 
be 
igi 
al 
Me 
= 
= 
oO 
i] 
os 
= 
oO 
= 
Ric] 
=] 
2 
7 
s 
= 
im) 
n 
be) 
@O 
3 
c 
i9) 
- 
a 
and equatorial direction 
‘On raising the flame a little more, the effect of the magnetic force 
Was to increase the intensity of the results just described, and the flame 
actually became of a fish-tail shape, disposed across the magnetic axis. 
