260 Scientific Intelligence. 
ing to Dr. Knop when the mannite is pure and perfectly free from 
rape-sugar, 
‘ 6. Patent granted to James Napier, Middlesex, for Improvements in 
smelting Copper and other Ores, (Chem. Gaz. 1847, p. 435.) 
—This invention consists in improvements in smelting copper ores, by 
treating them with fluxes consisting of common salt, lirae and carbona- 
ceous matters; and also in improvements in smelting ores containing 
silver or gold, or both those metals, by the addition of alkaline sub- 
stances, coal, iron and galena. 
The first object is to facilitate the separation of the earth from the 
copper; and to effect this, when several ores of different descriptions 
are to be operated upon, the patentee mixes them in such proportions, 
in relation to the earthy matters or gangue they contain, as will cause 
the earths to unite in the furnace and form glass; the ores have been 
mixed in suitable proportions, when the silica in the mixture ranges 
from 50 to 75 per cent., in relation to the other earthy matters, which 
are generally mixtures of alumina, lime, baryta, fluor-spar, &c.; the 
f oxyd of iron greatly facilitates the fusion of the ores. 
tapped into sand molds. ‘The ingots or pigs thus produced are treat- 
ed as hereafier described. If the ore or ores should contain less than 
art of iron to 2 parts of copper, the deficiency is to be supplied by 
the addition of sulphuret of iron; or the ore is to be treated as before 
mentioned (omitting the coal); and after the fused mass has been 
skimmed, 30 Ibs. of scrap iron are to be dispersed over the surface 
thereof as equally as possible, and the door of the furnace is close 
until the scrap iron is melted; the furnace is then to be tapped into 
sand molds. When the ingots obtained in the above manner are set, 
they are thrown into water, whereby they become disintegrated and 
fall into a fine powder ; this powder is thrown into a heap, and allowed 
to remain for forty-eight hours; after which it is removed to a calcin- 
ing furnace, and treated in the manner described in the specification of 
a patent obtained by the present patentee, July 20, 1846. The addi- 
tion of black oxyd of manganese, instead of iron, has been found to 
When ores containing little or no sulphur are operated upon, the 
(the ores, when containing no iron, might with advantage have a sinall 
quantity of oxyd or carbonate of iron added); and then 80 lbs. com: 
mon salt, 50 Ibs. slaked lime, and 100 Ibs. anthracite coal, finely pul- 
