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the genuine littoral plant Scaevola frutescens Krause. Many 
creepers wove an almost impenetrable web; among them were 
numerous: Ipomoea denticulata Choisy., Passiflora foetida L., 
Vitis trifolia L., Vitis spec., Tinospora crispa Diels., Mucuna 
gigantea DC., Heterostemma chrysanthum Boerl., whilst the para- 
site Cassytha filiformis L., was also very abundant. On the soil 
there grew no other plants than Ischaemum muticum L. and some 
robust specimens of ‘acca leontopetaloides O. K. 
To landward of the Casuarina forest nearly the whole of the 
spit of land is wooded with a thick wilderness of cocos, sometimes 
almost impenetrable from the crowds of young sprouts of the same 
palm shooting up among their elders. All kinds of trees which 
were found occurring between the cocos-trees meet the eye here 
again, especially Ficus hispida L. predominates. The undergrowth 
is chiefly composed of Ischaemum muticum L., Nephrolepis hirsu- 
tula Pr., and Lencaena glauca Benth., which forms occasional thick 
clumps, and Pandanus tectorius Sol. This latter plant produces 
impenetrable wildernesses obliging us to cut our path zigzagging 
across the narrow point of headland. Now and then we strike 
the shore of the bay and find there various mangrove plants 
mingled between the ordinary trees and bushes, Excoecaria Agal- 
locha L., and Avicennia marina Vierh. being very prevalent here. 
At the point where the spit of land is connected with the 
island proper we find a somewhat lower part entirely set with 
Hibiseus tiliaceus L. I already knew a similar Hibiscus bush 
from the northerly marshy point of Verlaten Hiland. Typical 
of this sort of bush is the almost bare slimy soil and the very 
peculiar growth of the Hibiscus itself. In fact at about three 
feet from the ground the stem bends down so that its upper 
part and also the larger branches grow on horizontally and from 
these it is that a large number of side branches rise upright. 
The whole produces a very remarkable impression; nor is it 
an easy thing to work one’s way through such a bush. The 
dense roof of foliage makes the growth of other plants very 
difficult; together with the young shoots of the Hibiscus itself 
and of Calophyllum inophyllum L., there only occurred a few 
dispersed specimens of Cycas Rumphii Mig. 
