Aas ut oA aes ltt a 
ie eet erat aeete ded ao 
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 
ble, burn it and use the ashes. If added to animal refuse, putri- 
fying fish, or any such matter, it will decay, and then becomes 
an excellent substance, j——. 
with 5 or 6 times its bulk of water ; add oil of vitriol by degrees, 
cre ought to be enough. +-——L, G.—It is not probable that 
sulphuretted hydrogen would be hurtful to vegetation, unless 
in very large quantities ; for it is continually floating in the air. 
Mr. Solly has proved experimentally, and our direct experience 
shows, that it is beneficial rather than contrary, (see the Pro- 
ceedings 0} emical Committee of the Horticultural So- 
ciety). Neither will the Coal Tar do any harm.t}——L. D. 
using Gypsum for fixing the manure of a dunghill, you should 
proceed thus. e a layer of the stable litter; soak it wi 
water ; dust gypsum over it. Add anotherlayer; soak itagain ; 
dust on more gypsum ; and so proceed till the heap is made, 
Then at one corner of the dunghill makea hole water-tight b 
puddling ; into this conduct gutters from the other sides of the 
heap, so that all that flows from it may run into the hole; let 
it be some one’s business every day, or as often as is necessa’ 
to throw the drainings back upon the dunghill. If the weather 
is dry, add water or urine to keep it moist, and suffer none of 
the drainage to escape, In this way your dunghill will be the 
perfection of such a thing. You must keep it wet at all events, 
ifit is ever to be what it should be; and gypsum will no’ 
its ammonia unless it is wet. We shall treat especially of these 
matters very soon. |—X. Y. Z,--Gypsum is by no means so 
good as sulphuric acid for fixing ammonia in urine.t-—. gs. 
—Tan is not at all suitable asa manure until it is thoroughly 
decomposed, If, however, it is mixed with cloacine or some 
similar substance, it will decay rapidly and become a valuable 
material. t——H. S. will find our opinion of Brewers’ Grains as 
a manure at p. 105. 
the refuse of a farm-yard and rain-water run, can be applied 
with advantage to Grass in pasture, or laid up for hay; it mus' 
be well diluted, and may be applied now. Four Ibs. to 8 galls. 
of water is a proportion only suited to gardening purposes ; 
two or three cwt. an acre is abundant, 
Cuarcoan.—. 
baker’s oven are unfit for the purpose. ¢ 
Crarx.—Flora.—Small pieces of chalk are unsuitable for the 
drainage of pots.t 
Boc-Eartu.—A Subscriber.—Oil of vitriol is not at all a good 
material to mix with bog-carth ; wood-ashes are much better ; 
but the best plan is to throw it up with decaying animal or 
vegetable matter, dead fish, offal, cloacine, and such sub. 
stances; thoroughly incorporating them into a compost, 
Catrie.—H. S.—Warts on the teats of cows may be removed by 
tying a small cord, well waxed, tight round their base, to stop 
the circulation, when they will drop off. If they are too much 
clustered to be tied, wash them with a strong solution of com- 
mon potash, They may be eradicated by actual cautery, of 
by nitrate of silver; but this should only be used under the 
direction of a skilful veterinarian. J: 
iInES.—Merlin.—The number of shoots to be left upon your 
stopped at the sixth or e' 
length, you had better secure them along the front of the house, 
Prentice.— 
practice to stop the shoots at one joint above the bunch as 
soon as they are sufficiently elongated to allow this to be done. 
You will find an answer to your inquiries respecting Roberts's 
Treatise at p. 848 of 1842. To raise Vines from eyes or buds, 
you must choose well-ripened wood of last year, and take a 
single bud, with about an inch of wood on each side of it; 
insert it about. i 
half. h deep ii L- di d pot of light 
soil; press the carth firmly round it, and plunge the potina 
gentle hotbed.t 
Grarrs.—A Correspondent is desirous of learning the reason why 
bunches of Grapes, in their e: st stage, wire off or become 
converted into tendrils, more particularly near the bottom of 
the house, although just above the flue; and whether they 
are more likely to do so when trained upon the spur system, 
Currines.—A Young Beginner.—The 
a 
Young Beginner.— For a pitched paling, 6 feet hi: igh, 
in J suitable: Ampelopsis 
quinquefélia ; Clematis grata, flammula, viticella, and montana ; 
a slight hotbed 
which they could be transferred to the open border so 
all danger of severe frost was over.t 4 
Fucustas. — Ordsall. — Any light, rich garden-soil will suit 
Fuchsias, when planted in beds. The best sorts for the pur- 
pose are named at p. 144. 
Castor Om PLa he seeds | 
be sown immediately in sandy soil, in 60-sized pots, plunged in 
oon as 
—G.—For growing on marshy land which 
im a warm greenhouse from the time that they have done 
flowering until they ripen their wood and form flower-buds for 
the succeeding season, you might keep them for the rest of the 
year in a room where they would receiye a full portion of light 
€nd air upon all favourable occasions. Unless in very severe 
pecnther, they would be better in a room where there was no 
& 
Rosns,— W, R.—Madame Laffay is a handsome hybrid perpetual 
Rose for a wall or trellis-work, but we doubt much whether any 
of this tribe will bloom upon a N. and N.E. aspect. 
SBE onl fy J.—The treatment of this plant is given at 
Pp. 121, 
Cinese Irts.—Tristan.—The amount of bottom-heat that you 
have given this plant b: 
its flower-pot, seems to have been too g1 
de Parmentier. 
and British Queen, Elton, American Scarlet, and Coul Late 
The most convenient way of planting them is in rows 
9 inches or a foot apart, in 4-feet beds. if 
Jand is planted annually, those plants which haye borne fruit 
‘or two seasons may be trenched in, and a constant succession 
of productive beds will thus be ensured. t 
Lemons,—M. B.—Your Lemons will keep for some time if you 
spread them thinly in a cool, airy situation. 
ELONS.—A. C. G.—From 
foliage with sulphur by means of wheel-bellows, as recom- 
mended at p. 164 of 1841. + 
ced oppo- 
the manner of whip-grafting, care 
in the ground till required for use, as above mentioned. tl 
Pras.—J. H,—Any respectable nurseryman will supply you with 
the Milford Marrow Pea.t 
Woov1ice.—W. B.—With perseverance you may keep your Cu- 
cumber beds clear of Woodlicein the following manner: Put 
cold boiled potato into a small pot and cover it loosely with 
moss; place this trap in the corner of the bed which the insects 
most frequent. A few of these traps would soon reduce their 
numbers, if they were looked to every morning, and all the 
insects collected in them destroyed in boiling water. t 
Booxs.—J. W.F. oberts’ Treatise on the Vine is advertised at 
p. 848 of 184 Your bookseller at Edinburgh could procure 
it through his London agent. }—A Repealer.—We do not 
now. You had better get them all.t+——J, H.—The work 
entitled *‘ Every Man his own Brewer’? may be obtained of 
any bookseller.¢ 
Lawns.—W. M. R.—On no accountuse Hay-seeds for your new 
lawn ; they may fill your land with weeds and bad Grasses. In- 
stead of them take 6lbs. of Crested Dogstail, 51) 
js ivialis 
If you find this too expensive, 
you can reduce the quantities proportionably: what we have 
mentioned will make a good lawn immediately. + 
Tue Piqua PLANT.—S, H.—We know nothing of a Piqua plant; 
but we know something of Piqua Tea ; which is some prepara. 
tion of herbs, coloured and flayoured artificially. It is very 
poor stuff. + 
Worms.—S, H.—The corrosive sublimate will do no harm to eae 
2 
cots of your Peach-trees, if you employ it to destroy worms. 
Fern ror Pics.—K.—There is no preparation by which the leaves 
of Fern, gathered ina young state, can be preserved fit for use 
during the remainder of the year. ¢ 
Mexon SsEps.—7, H.—We have sent the seeds to Oxford, 
the Botanic Garden, the experiments on old seeds 
are carrying on.t 
ALLoTMENTs,—Red Cap.—Detailed observations upon the allot~ 
ment system will appear forthwith, probably next week. 
Pumr-Warrr Bags.—Pump-water should never be applied to 
plants when either rain or pond-water can be procured. When, 
however, it must be used, it should be previously exposed to 
the atmosphere for several hours. t 
A, S. i 
be able to obtain information respecting the 
‘Ladies’ Safety Hive.’? 
BarkInG Trees.— W, J.—The only effectual means of preventing 
sheep from barking trees, is to inclose the stems with tree- 
guards; one kind is described at p. 6 of this year’s Chronicle. t 
MISCELLAN J. W. F.—Your plant is Polygala chame- 
our Pear is the Beurré Rance. t——A. K. 
si Hypnum sericeum, in Angler.—We have 
attentively perused your communication, and do not find that 
it —G, §8,—Your seedling 
Azalea is not sufficiently distinct from other well-known va- 
rieties to be of any importance.t——G, S. W. Ve were unable 
i rub in your letter, or in the paper inclosed 
——The best book we can recommend to A Sudscriver is 
Kirby and Spence’s Introduction to Entomology ; the 3d and 
4th vols. of which will give the information required. R.—— 
T. ’s collection of Eggs were laid by the “ Lacke: Moth,” 
Clisiocampa Neusiria, whose history will form an Entomolo- 
gical subject for the Gardeners’ Chronicle.R. A, ve 
do not know how to execute your ta: 
drainage, causing water to stagnate about the 
ieus.—We are unacquainted with Wood’s scarlet 
fe eer te a know 
orific Ventilator.t——A. C. R. G.—What is 
“Tuft Fungus”? +——7, 7.—We do not publish Almanacs.t 
—~—Erica.—The Epacris is E. impressa. The 
Erica Willmoreana, a variet 
flora; 44, E. ignescens; 
E, grandinosa.;——J. A 
ase 
Cleric: 
Erica appears to be E. 
gens. Sa Se Sa onaatated with the seed sent. 
——Uphill.—No. 52 of last year may be had, price 6d.——G. B. 
--We will notice the days of exhibition in our usual manner a 
short time previously to their taking place. To pubiish them 
Ey dl be an advertisement. +——4 
Constant Reader had better consult a lawyer. t——Mowbray,— 
No. 2 seems intended for Quercus igilops. We 
do not recognise the other from the drawing. t——N, H.— 
Your Acacia is A. dealbata. t—— Londo: 
informed.: 
As usual, many letters have arrived too late for answers this week, 
NEWS OF THE WERK. 
Tur Overland Mail from India brings advices from 
Bombay to the 3d ult., and from Hong Kong to the 31st 
December. The news from China is the most important, 
comprising two untoward events—the massacre of the 
crews and passengers of two British vessels in the island 
of Formosa—and the burning of the English factory at 
Canton, by the Chinese, in a formidable riot on the 7th 
December. The massacre at Formosa has naturally 
excited the most immediate interest. It appears that 
more than a hundred British subjects, who had been 
wrecked on the coast of Formosa in the early part of the 
war, were put to death in August last by the Chinese 
authorities, who pleaded the order of the Emperor in 
defence of their proceedings. Sir H.{Pottinger became ac- 
quainted with the circumstances on his arrival at Amoy, 
and lost no time in demanding from the Emperor the de- 
gradation and punishment of the local officers, and the 
confiscation of their property for the benefit of the families 
which have suffered from the effects of this barbarity. 
This demand was accompanied by a threat of the re- 
newal of hostilities in case it were not complied with. 
The riot at Canton had for “its immediate cause the 
disorderly conduct of some Lascars, who quarrelled with 
the Chinese and roused their feelings of exasperation 
against the English. The mob became so violent that the 
authorities could not control them; they attacked the 
factories, pillaged the buildings, and finally destroyed 
them by fire. Greater excesses would probably have been 
committed, but they were checked by the timely arrival of 
Sir Hugh Gough, on his return from Hong Kong to India, 
The authorities of Canton have disclaimed all participation 
in these outrages, and have expressed their willingness to 
pay the damages and severely punish the offenders. It is 
therefore presumed that the riot, although calculated to 
keep up anxiety and suspense, is not likely to lead to any 
serious differences.—The Indian news relates ;chiefly 
to the proceedings of the Governor-General, and to 
the festivities on the arrival of the army from Cabul. 
Lord Ellenborough had;broken up the Camp at Ferozepore 
and proceeded to Delhi, with a large escort, in order 
to have some explanations with the Emperor. ‘The affairs 
of Cabul are involved in some uncertainty ; but it is 
rumoured that Akhbar Khan has returned to it with the 
assistance of the Kuzzilbashes, and that the young Sove- 
reign, whom Gen. Pollock left there on the retreat of the 
troops, had fled for safety to Jellalabad.—Next in interest 
to this intelli, are di, accounts of the 
great earthquake in the West Indies. As anticipated in 
our last, the effects of the catastrophe were felt far beyond 
the limits which were first assigned to it. In addition to 
its ravages at St. Thomas and Antigua, we have advices 
from Guadaloupe, surpassing in disaster all that had pre- 
viously been reported from the other islands. The town 
of Pointe-d-Pitre, the commercial capital of the colony, 
has been destroyed, and what the earthquake spared was 
consumed by two or three hundred fires, which broke out 
a few minutes after the houses were levelled to the 
ground, The earthquake lasted only 70 seconds, and yet 
in the entire town, which contained nearly 20,000 souls, not 
ten houses are habitable. 1800 wounded were extracted 
from the ruins on the day of the calamity, and upwards of 
1000 dead bodies were found on the day following 3 butno 
accurate idea of the number of the victims had been 
formed at the date of the last despatches. To complete 
this melancholy catalogue, subsequent arrivals inform ug 
that the effects of the earthquake extended to Dominica; 
but we are not at present in possession of any particulars 
of the disasters it occasioned. 
At home, the subject of the Corn-laws has been again 
under discussion in both Houses of Parliament, It was 
brought forward in the Lords by the motion of Lord 
Monteagle, for a committee to inquire into the effects of 
the Corn-law passed last Session; but the motion was 
negatived by a majority of 122, In the Commons 
it was incidentally introduced in the debate on Mr. 
Ward’s motion for a committee to inquire into the 
peculiar burdens that press upon land, and {into the 
peculiar exemptions which it enjoys. Sir R. Peel, in 
opposing the motion, declared his conviction that no 
further change in the Corn-laws is required by the 
general interests of the country, and the motion was 
finally negatived by a majority of 99. We can only briefly 
