1843.] 
THE 
GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
237 
case ought to go toa jury. The prisoner's counsel pressed 
the suggestion very strongly, and stated that the prisoner 
had imbibed ideas of the legitimacy of certain sovereigns, 
and would insist that the Stuarts ought to reign instead 
of the House of Brunswick. The prisoner was strongly 
excited by the performance of Rod Roy at the theatre, 
and seemed to believe that James Stuart, a Scotch piper, 
had a claim to the .crown, in consequence of a lineal de- 
scent from that unfortunate family. The prisoner enter- 
tained thoughts of raising the claim in favour of the piper. 
His principles were high church and state principles 
and he constantly attended divine service. His opinion 
of the right of the Duke of Bourdeaux to the throne 
France was also strong. The Lord Mayor said a jury 
must determine the case; it was the duty of the magi- 
strate to commit. He would, however, postpone the case 
for a day or two, in order to make more particular inquiry. 
American Bondholders.—A deputation, consisting of 
Mr. Scholefield, M.P., Sir Edward Codrington, the Hon. 
William Leslie Melville, the Eon. G. F. Hotham, Mr. 
Marshall, M.P., Mr. B. B. Williams, and Mr. Redfern, 
waited on Friday last, upon Mr. Everett, the United 
States’Minister, with a memorial, signed by upwards of 
nine hundred holders of the State Stock of America. In 
replying to this memorial, Mr. Everett promised to for- 
ward it to the President, and expressed deep sympathy 
with the bondholders. ‘‘I concur with you fully,” he 
said, ‘in protesting against the doctrine that o state, 
which has pledged its faith and resources, can release it- 
self from the obligation, however burthensome, in any way 
but that of honourable payment. Fatal delus ions, in times 
of great distress, occasionally come over the minds of 
ities, as well as individuals ; but I rejoice in the 
belief that the number is exceedingly small of those who 
have in any form advanced the idea of what has been 
called ‘repudiation.’ I am convinced that those states 
which unhappily have failed to make provision for the 
interest due on their bonds, have done so under the 
heay pressure of adverse circumstances, and not with 
the purpose of giving a legislative sanction to a doc- 
trine so pernicious, unworthy, and immoral. The me- 
morialists are pleased to give me credit for sympatby with 
their sufferings. There is, perhaps, no person, not him- 
self directly a sufferer, who has had so much reason as 
myself to feel deeply all the evil effects—the sacrifice, not 
merely of material prosperity, but what is of infinitely 
greater consequence, of public honour—resulting from 
this disastrous failure. The reproach which it has brought 
on the American name has been the only circumstance 
which has prevented a residence in the land of my fathers 
being a source of unmingled satisfaction to me. Yor 
may well believe, therefore, if any opinion of mine can 
have an influence, (2s you suppose) over any portion of 
my countrymen favourable to the great end you have in 
view, it will be, on all proper occasions, as it has been, 
most emphatically expressed. * * * The general 
Government of the United States, after having paid off 
a public debt of more than two hundred millions of dol- 
lars, has found itself unable to negotiate a trifling loan in 
this great metropolis of the financial world, whose super- 
abundant capital, but for the default of some of the states, 
would have continued to be for those states themselves, 
and for individuals, a vast gold mine of unexhausted capa- 
city. In addition to these public embarrassments, private 
fortunes, almost without number, have been destroyed in 
the general wreck, of which the failure of the States, as 
cause or effect, is one of the principal elements. I doubt 
if, in the history of the world, in so short a period, such 
& transition has been made from a state of high prospe- 
rity to one of general distress, as in the United States, 
within the last six years. And yet, gentlemen, the elas- 
ticity and power of recovery in the country are great be- 
yond the conception of those who do not know it from 
Personal observation. Even within this disastrous period 
to which I have alluded, a private commercial debt to this 
country, estimated at twenty-five millions of pounds ster- 
ling, has been paid by the American merchants, with as 
little loss to the creditor as would attend the collection 
of an equal amount of domestic debt in this or any other 
country.” 
_ Royal Institute of British Architects.—A special meet- 
ing of this institute was held on Monday, to present the 
medals awarded during the session, when his Koyal High- 
ness Prince Albert took the chair. Mr. Fowler, honorary 
Secretary, having read Bacon’s description of a princely 
Palace, Mr. Arthur Johnson was presented to the Prince 
as the author of the best design founded on that descrip- 
tion, and received the Soane medallion. In like manner 
his Royal Highness presented to Mr. E. Chamberlain the 
Medal of the institute, and to Mr. J. W. Papworth the 
Medal of merit, for essays on synchronism, in connexion 
With architecture. Mr. Bailey announced the subjects for 
€ssays and drawings, for which the council proposes to 
Offer medals next year, and then read a communication 
from Mr. C. Parker, on the methods employed in con- 
Structing foundations in Venice, the soil of which city is 
fa nature to require the greatest care, and yet where 
failure is seldom if ever seen. Thanks having been voted 
y, ithe author of the paper, Mr. Barry addressed the 
tince in the name of the institute, and assured his Royal 
Epebuess that the remembrance of the day, and of the 
a manner in which his Royal Highness had fulfilled its 
mite would long remain in the memory of the members. 
@ Prince replied:  Gentlemen,—It gives me great 
Pleasure to have this opportunity of meeting you.’’ The 
awk examined the collection of casts and models belong- 
Se) to the institute, and seemed to enter fully into all the 
atters which came before him. 
comet” opotitan Improvements.—A general meeting of the 
mittee of the Metropolitan Improvement Society was 
S 
held last week, Lord Robert Grosvenor in the chair. A 
discussion took place upon the merits of a plan submitted 
by the executive committee, for a new line of road to 
connect the eastern and western extremities of London. 
This line proposed in the plan was to commence in the 
Strand, opposite Duncannon-street, where it would be 
carried by a short diagonal street down to the Thames ; 
it would then follow the line of the projected embankment 
nearly to |Southwark-bridge, when it would divide into 
two branches—one branch leading to the Bank, another 
to the terminus of the Blackwall Railroad, and thence 
joining the great Essex road at Whitechapel. A resolu- 
tion was adopted, to the effect that the object proposed 
was one of great practical importance, and that it would 
the performance of which his Royal Highness expressed 
himself highly gratified. After staying half an hour, the 
Prince proceeded home on foot. 
The Wilkie Testimonial.—The daily papers announce 
that Mr. Joseph has just completed the model for the 
statue of Sir David Wilkie, which was exhibited to the 
subscribers in the beginning of the week. In likeness, the 
head of the statue is said to be admirable. The position 
is good, and the handling of the clay very broad and firm. 
The left foot is slightly advanced, and the left hand of the 
figure rests upon a sketch-book. A shepherd’s plaid 
hangs on the left shoulder, and falling behind the right 
foot, serves as the principal support of the figure. 
Wood Pavement.—On Tuesday a meeting of the Com- 
be desirable to invite the Government now 
sitting to inquire into the practicability of thus rendering 
the Thames embankment subservient to the formation of 
a new and broad foot and carriage way, by which the 
narrow streets of the city might be relieved of some por- 
tion of the traffic at present liable to continual obstruction. 
Mr. Walker addressed the meeting on the state of the 
burial-places of London. The many serious evils arising 
from interments in the heart of crowded cities had been 
repeatedly laid before the public by him in various publi- 
cations, and a great body of evidence had been collected 
on the subject by the committee of the House of Commons. 
uch opposition, however, might be anticipated from 
interested parties to any legislative measure for abolishing 
the existing practice. At Enon Chapel, Clement’s-lane, 
as much as 9O0/, had been received within six years, for 
interments, in a space of ground only 59 feet by 29. 
This would give an idea of the vested interests that would 
be arrayed against any project for establishing national 
cemeteries in the suburbs, and he was therefore anxious 
that the society should aid in the efforts which had been 
made to obtain the interference of the Legislature on the 
subject. Dr. Southwood Smith said it would be almost 
impossible to exaggerate the evils occasioned by the prac- 
tice of burying the dead amidst the habitations of the 
living. The fever and mortality of the metropolis might 
be greatly diminished if a few simple sanatory precautions 
were adopted, and one of obvious necessity was the aboli- 
tion of interments in the existing churchyards. Numerous 
deaths, and a general shortening of the average duration 
of life, might be distinctly traced to this cause. Mr. 
Hickson gave some details of the management of the 
Paris cemeteries ; and Lord R. Grosvenor suggested that 
the society should petition the Government to abolish in- 
terments within the metropolis. This suggestion was 
adopted, and referred to the executive committee to be 
carried into effect. In connection with this subject, we 
may notice a discussion which took place at a Court of 
Common Councillast week, when a petition was{presented 
calling upon the corporation to prevent the proposed Act 
from being applied to Bunhill-fields and other burying- 
places in the city. Mr. R. L. Jones said the object of the 
petition was to make the corporation fight the battles of 
other people in Parliament—to fight, in fact, for those in- 
terested in all the burying-grounds jn and round London. 
He called upon the Court to put a stop to such work at 
once, and moved an amendment that the petition be laid 
upon the table. After considerable discussion, which 
strongly proved the established opposition of the Court to 
the burial of the dead in and near cities, Mr. Jones’s 
amendment was carried by a very large majority. 
Colonial Church Sociely.—A mecting of the West- 
London Ladies’ Association, connected with this society, 
was held on Tuesday at the Hanover-square Rooms, for 
the purpose of considering the best means of extending 
the objects of the society. Mr. John Labouchere took 
the chair, and said that the society had been formed in 1836 
for providing for the spiritual wants of the inhabitants of 
the colonies, as well as for the wants of those Englishmen 
who might be residing on the Continent of Europe, and 
he considered that on those grounds the society had 
strong claims on the Christian portion of the inhabitants of 
this country. It was the duty of Government to provide 
not only for the temporal welfare of the inhabitants of the 
colonies, but also for their spiritual welfare, and he con- 
ceived there was much cause of complaint that: nothing 
had been done in that respect. More than 1,500 persons 
annually emigrated from our shores for the colonies, and 
it was a lamentable fact that no provision whatsoever had 
been made by the Government for their spiritual wants. 
Looking at the smallness of the amount which had been 
entrusted to the charge of that society, he thought a good 
deal had been done. He understood that the stated 
jncome did not amount to more than 5002.4 annually, 
whilst the claims upon the institution were upwards of 
3,000. He trusted that by the exertions of the sup- 
porters of that society every inhabitant of the. colonies 
would possess the means and opportunity of attending a 
place of divine worship. It was then resolved, on the 
motion of the Rev. Mr. Hanson, seconded by’ the Rev. 
B. Noel, that the spiritual condition of the British colo- 
nies is such as to call for the most vigorous exertions, and 
that the society offers an excellent channel through which 
the members of the Church of England might convey 
assistance to the colonies, 
Temple Church.—His Royal Highness Prince Albert 
on Saturday attended a rehearsal of the choir atthe Temple 
Church. His Royal Highness proceeded there on foot, 
attended by only one servant ; on presenting himself at 
the door, being unexpected, the doorkeeper refused him 
admittance, at the same time offering to take his card to 
the choir-master. An explanation, however, soon ensued, 
and in a few minutes several of the benchers were in 
attendance, and escorted his Royal Highness over the 
church, at the beauties of which he expressed much admi- 
ration. The choristers sang seyeral compositions, with 
of Sewers for the City of London took place 
at Guildhall, for the purpose of receiving a report of the 
sub-committee appointed to take into consideration the 
propriety of paving Cheapside with wood. The chair was 
taken by Alderman Gibbs, and a great deal of interest 
appeared to exist among the members, upon a question 
affecting so important a thoroughfare. The report of the 
committee set forth that the petitions from the Postmaster- 
General to pave with wood St. Martin’s-le-Grand ; from 
the inhabitants of King William-street, Princes-street, 
Bisbopsgate-street, Cheapside, Cannon - street, Upper 
Thames-street, St. Bride’s, Tokenhouse-yard, the Poultry, 
and at least twenty other places, to the like effect, having 
been duly considered, the committee recommended the 
carrying out forthwith the principle of wood-paving 
throughout Cheapside, the remainder of the Peultry, and 
Bishopgate Within ; but feeling it impossible to comply 
with the prayer of the whole of the other memorialists 
without raising the rates to the highest amount allowed 
by law, they did not deem it advisable to adopt the prin- 
ciple of wood-paving further during the present year. 
Sir P. Laurie opposed the recommendation of the sub- 
committee, upon the grounds already so frequently dis- 
cussed, viz., the danger to man and horse, and proposed, 
d that no vement should be 
jntroduced for one year. Alderman Copeland seconded 
the amendment. Mr. R. L. Jones denied the statement 
of Sir P. Laurie, that the Woods and Forests were adverse 
to wood-paving, when they were still carrying it out to a 
large extent. ‘They had only the last week made a large 
contract for paving the metropolis roads in the town of 
Kensington with that material. He contended that as many 
horses fell down upon the stone-pavement as on the wood, 
After a discussion which lasted several hours, the question 
was put, and Sir P. Laurie’s amendment negatived by a 
majority of at least two to one, and the report adopted. 
Mr. Obbard then gave notice that he should move, at the 
next Court, that Fleet-street be paved with wood from 
Fetter-lane to Chancery-lane. 
Catholic Institute.—A meeting of the Catholic Institute 
of Great Britain was held last week, to take into conside- 
ration the educational clauses of the Factory Education 
Bill, now in progress in the House of Commons, Lord 
Stourton in the chair, The Hon. E. Petre addressed the 
meeting at considerable length, and contended that the 
present bill, as regarded Protestantism and Catholicism, 
was a measure fraught with evils and danger, especially 
with regard to the education of factory children of the 
€atholic persuasion, and called upon the Catholics in 
general to come forward and make a firm and determined 
stand to protect themselves in their religion. A variety 
of resolutions were proposed, against the various clauses 
of the bill, as it relates to the Catholic population. In- 
structions were then given to form a committee to draw 
upa petition against the bill, which was to be immediately 
forwarded to the Catholic clergy throughout the country 
for signature by their respective congregations. A vote of 
thanks was given to the Earl of Arundel and Surrey, for 
his Lordship’s advocacy of the Catholic interests in the 
House of Commons. 
Anti-Corn-Law League.—The fourth weekly meeting 
of the Anti-Corn-Law League took place on Wednesday 
evening in Drury-lane Theatre. The attendance was fully 
as great as on the three preceding occasions. There were 
a great number of ladies in the boxes, and the platform 
was unusually crowded. Mr. Wilson presided, and opened 
the business with the usual statement of their progress. 
The meeting was then addressed by Mr. Hume, M.P., 
Mr. Brotherton, and Mr. Milner Gibson. z 
Anniversary Dinners.—The anniversary dinner of the 
Covent Garden Theatrical Fund took place on Wednesday, 
in Freemasons’ Hall. The Duke of Cambridge presided, 
and was supported by about 150 gentlemen. The annual 
address was delivered by Mr. Bartley, and the donations 
and subscriptions amounted to about 8007—The anni- 
versary of the Marine Society took place on the same 
evening, at the London Tavern, the Earl of Haddington 
in the chair, supported by about 70 gentlemen. The list 
of subscriptions at the close of the dinner was about 7007. 
Accidents. —On Tuesday morning, at four o’clock, an 
accident occurred to Mr. B. Ferrand Busfeild, late of 
Magdalen Hall, Cambridge, a near relation of the mem- 
bers for Bradford and Knaresborough, which terminated 
fatally. It appears that Mr. Busfeild, who has been lately 
ona visit to his mother at Bath, left town at an early 
hour, for the purpose of going on a cruise in her Majesty’s 
steam-ship Vulcan, a revenue vessel, which has been re- 
cently fitted out at Blackwall, He proceeded in a cab to 
the Brunswick-wharf, at Blackwall, and upon arriving 
opposite the Hotel Tap it was necessary to cross a bridge 
over the railway, which leads to a narrow path commu- 
nicating directly with the wharf. The cabman, on reach- 
ing the bridge, said he did not think he could proceed 
further, when Mr, Busfeild alighted and walked along the 
path leading to the wharf, and immediately afterwards 
called out to the cabman to proceed, and said it was all 
° 
a 
