sd 
288 THE 
GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
[Aprit 29, 
Walton. Salad, 1, (Black-seeded Cos), W. Gale; 2, (Cabbage), J. 
Catton. Beet, best, W. Exelby, gr. to H. Birkbeck, Esq. Frowrrs 
—Azaleas, collection of, best, C. Auriculas, collection of, 
12 best, J. N. Waite, j clus, (Mallisoni), single specimen, 
: ion of, 24 best, Hon, ilso 
Mignonette, Rev. J. Bur- 
le 
Short. 
1, collection of, best, W. Ripp' 
Hon. R. Wilson. Cine- 
2, equal 2nd best, W. Exelby 
ort; 3, 3rd best, Mr. Walton. Greenhouse plants, 1, 
collection of, best, W. Rippingale; 2, 2nd best, J. High, gr. to J. 
Longe, Esq. Stocks, ten weeks, Rev. J. Burroughes. Hyacinths, 
collection of, J.T. Kemp, Esq. Anemones, collection of, J. N. 
Waite, jun., Esq. Trope@olum tricolor, C. Short; Ditto grandi- 
flora, Mr. Walton. Cyclamen Persie Wilson. Acacia 
Juniperoides, W. Rippi le. Clematis Sieboldii,C. Short. Deutzia 
seubra, R, Emms. fhe principal plants exhibited by Mr. Bell 
‘were—Epacris impressa, do. nivalis. Ericas — bonplandia, re- 
germinans, pellucida, ardens, rubrocalyx, nigrita, scariosa, 
Pattersonia, Walkerii, Wilmorea, Azalea indica alba, do. Smithii, 
Boronia serrulata, Chorozema Henchmanni, do. ilicifolia, Eu- 
phorbia splendens, Rhododendron Smithii punctatum, Cytisu: 
racemosus, Cineraria splendens, do. King, do. czruvlea, fine new 
variety; Petunia magniflora, Camellia? colorata, Burchellia ca- 
pensis, Pultenzea subumbellata, Aischynanthus grandifiorus. 
Messrs. Mackie and Ewing exhibited :—Azalea sinensis. Camel- 
ii Donckleerii., ii (new. idii Antwerpen- 
sis (new). Tropzolum tricolorum, Elichrysum splendidum, 
Cineraria King, do. Inwoodiana, Erica speciosa, do. gracilis, 
Azalea floribunda, Lachenalia pustulata (new), Cytisus race- 
mosus, Tea-scented Moirée Rose, Illicium floridanum, Acacia 
cordifolia, Cereus flagelliformis minor, Euphorbia splendens, 
Epacris grandiflora, Trillium grandifioram,Dillwynia cinerascens, 
‘is carnosa, Pimelea nivea (new), 
a EL 6 g 
Flora of Japan.—We have been favoured by a friend 
with the following information on this subject :—Last 
autumn Professor Zuccarini spent six weeks in looking 
over the Japanese Herbarium at Leyden, which is wonder- 
fully rich, containing nearly 2,500 species, and, altogether, 
about 30,000 specimens. They are in a good state of 
preservation, and of almost gigantic size. We under- 
stand that Professor Zuccarini has, through the kindness 
of Mr. Blume, Director of the Leyden Museum, procured, 
amongst other things, specimens of a dozen new genera, 
some of which are very remarkable; for instance, a Fu- 
mariaceous plant with a regular corolla, 4 petals, and 4 
unconnected stamens; an Olacaceous plant with a long- 
stalked three-celled ovary, containing numerous ovules 
arranged in two rows in each cell; and that that same 
gentleman has already drawn up a description of them, 
which will appear in the Journal of the Munich Academy. 
The Flora of Japan is very remarkable. Perhaps in no 
other country are tropical forms combined more intimately 
with those of the Temperate Zone. In contrast with 33 
Coniferous plants are 15 species of Bamboo. Twelve 
species of Maple and nearly 26 of Oak are met with, 
associated with a crowd of Laurels of different genera. 
The Orchidaceous plants, of which, unluckily, the Dutch 
collection contains but few, are, for the most part, epi- 
phytes. Amongst Leguminous plants, there are several 
species of Lespedézia. Ericaceous plants are not only 
numerous, but extremely fine, comprising upwards of 10 
species of Rhododendron and Agalea, if we distinguish, 
under the latter name, those species which have only 5 
stamens. Nearly all the grasses have a tropical appevr- 
ance, nevertheless they are accompanied by 25 species of 
Carex. Palms and Cycadaceous plants are less nume- 
rous; of these, however, there are a few, as well as of 
Zingiberacee. Many very interesting things are met with 
jn the Herbaria procured by Siebold from the native 
Botanists. Their specimens are well preserved, and 
amongst them are many plants collected in the central 
arts of Nipon, and upon the lofty mountains which no 
uropean has hitherto attempted to explore. The draw- 
ings made by Japanese artists also give a good idea of the 
plants which they are intended to represent. 
Sale of Orchidaceous Plants—We understand that 
the Orchidacee from Bombay, which were sold last week 
by Messrs. Stevens and Co., produced altogether rather 
more than 1702. Two large specimens fetched 15/. each ; 
others went as low as 25. 
GARDEN MEMORANDA. 
Messrs. W. Jackson and Co.’s Nursery, Cross-Lanes, near 
Bedale,—A splendid specimen of Rhododendron campanulatum 
is in flower here; five hundred and sixty-eight perfect blooms 
amongst the dark green foliage, and had a most 
The plant is five feet nine inches in height and 
eighteen feet in circumference, and is considered to be the finest 
specimen in Great Britain 
Iebiews. 
An Agricultural Tract for the Times. By J. West, 
Land Agent, &c., Collingham, Notts. 
I nave lately obtained the above tract, and find it is 
written by a fellow-labourer with myself in a much- 
neglected field of improvement. As far as I am able to 
judge from my own experience, Mr. West’s remarks on 
draining and subsoil-ploughing are very good. It is not 
his object to point out the mode of draining any land, but 
to call the attention of landed proprietors to the absolute 
necessity of the work being ‘‘ immediately done.”’ In this 
T fully agree with him. In my time I have done a great 
“Of, draini I have done lately was not with 
wire ae r which is usually called wedge- 
se wilal a : 
i ce ushy turf on meadow or pasture 
from which, I doub 
But, as I am more anxious 
fons, to-w great extent. 
express my cordial concurrence with Mr. West upon 
a 
tions, and especially those that refer to timber, will have 
but little effect upon the present generation of landlords : 
T have, humble individual though I am, laboured for years 
and years in vain, and may almost say, spent my strength 
for nought, in the same cause. For my own part, J cannot 
see why England cannot produce as good timber as other 
countries. Indeed, I am satisfied that she can do so, and 
in quantity sufficient for all domestic purposes, if the 
owners of timber would but see that it is properly trained 
in its infancy, and suitably treated afterwards. I fully 
agree with Mr. West that our native timber, much as it is 
decried—Scotch Fir, for instance, as well as almost every 
other kind that is grown—if it was peeled standing, and 
felled in the autumn or winter, would be greatly improved 
for building and other purposes, as it is proved to be the 
case with the Oak, Alder, and Larch. I am happy to say 
that some friends of mine have agreed to adopt my sug- 
gestion, and try some experiments with different kinds of 
trees, the results of which shall be made known. 
But what will be the results of Mr. West’s labours with 
reference to this pamphlet and the others books he has 
written ? Probably neglect and pecuniary loss. It appears 
to be impossible to reach the minds of the great majority 
of the land-owners on the subject of their timber ; and the 
man who attempts to do so engages in an unprofitable and 
hopeless task. It will be well, however, for the few who 
may meet with Mr. West’s pamphlet to follow his advice. 
Agricultural Chemistry rendered simple for Practical 
Purposes. By T. G. Tilley, Ph.D. : Longmans. 
We should be more inclined to call this book Agricul- 
tural Chemistry rendered puzzling, &c. Take for example 
the following explanation of the nature of ammonia :— 
** Ammonia is the same substance as hartshorn, and 
its carbonate is the common smelling salts of the shops. 
It is composed of carbon and nitrogen.” We cannot waste 
either our own time or that of our readers by comment on 
such a book. 
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS for the ensuing week. 
Tue new system of planting flower-gardens within the last 20 
years has doubled the ordinary work to be done in this depai 
foliage round his retreat ; this caterpillar is neyer in great num- 
bers, and is easily destroyed and kept under; soapsuds is the 
next best thing after Tobacco-water for killing the fly on the 
Peach-trees, and also on the Roses. 
{I.—FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERY. 
in-door Department. 
Srove.—Stove plants are now making their growth more freely 
than atany other period; the usual stimulants of heat, moisture, 
and, in some cases, liquid manure, may therefore be more freely 
administered to them. Young plants that are wished to become 
fine specimens should be watched, and as soon as their roots 
e short flowering spurs. Many of the climbing plants so 
treated may be made to assume the character of shrubs, to suit 
particular situations and circumstances, 
Greennouse.— he good old times it was a prevalent 
opinion that Heaths, Epacrises, and such-like plants, would be 
ruined if touched with a knife; but now it-is proved that no 
plants bear pruning better; and you may see men in the great 
nurseries cutting off the young tops of these in handfuls after 
the plants have done flowering; other free-growing plants have 
their tops regularly pinched off at every other joint, in order to 
ge i y specimens. 
ConservATORY.—Some of t! ssion-flowers, Ipomceas, and 
other strong-growing climbers, should now be close pruned, if 
you'wish fora late display in autumn. Itis always a good plan to 
have duplicate plants purposely for this treatment; this is often 
in Vineries, by planting two plants to each rafter, and 
year. 
may be easily increased b: 
grafting on the roots of some allied species. All tender seedlings 
should be potted as soon as they can be handled. 
wut-door Department 
Annuals to flower from the end of June should be sown now; 
those now half-grown should stand thin on the ground. One of 
th i i i s is, that they must 
know the varieties of carly Tulips, Narcissuses, &c., after 
are out of flower and foliage. Not only the colour and height of 
every variety of these bulbs, but the very week it usually comes 
in flower, should be marked in the garden-book, otherwise, how 
are you to plant them next autumn ?—D. Beaton, Shrubland 
Park Gardens. 
State of the Weather near Londo 
o 
on for the Week ending April 27, 1843, as | 
served at the Horti ick. 
e 
al Garden, Chiswie 
rt- 
ment in May, and instead of improving the of the 
flower-garden by this change, we have, in nine cases out often, a 
mere blank, comparatively speaking, for five or six weeks from 
the middle of May. As our great patrons of gardening generally 
Pi is time in London, the subject has not had that attention 
paid to it which it deserves. Inst 
moreover, many amateurs are as likely to supply such informa- 
tion as professed gardeners. 
I,—KITCHEN-GARDEN AND ORCHARD, 
In-door Department. 
Pinery.—To keep the bottom-heat steady at all times isa good 
maxim, and more so at this season; too much bottom-heat is 
more dangerous than too little; but if the bottom-heat is let down 
at this time when the natural heat of the sun raises the tempera- 
ure many degrees more than is necesary for the plants, a weal 
growth will be the consequence; give large portions of air to 
all the stock, and shut them up early in the afternoon. 
NrERY.—Little need be said now of early Grapes that are ripe 
or fast ripening ; if they have plenty of sun and air they ought to 
hang a long time, and come to table or market with a fine bloom. 
As soon as every 1 on the late Vines has grown a joint or 
two, they may be assisted by being shut up early in the afternoon. 
The front ventilators need not be used till the fruit is all set, 
but give large portions of air all along the top lights; you will 
thus have the top part of the house the coolest, and your Vines 
ght and air with moisture, 
according to the state of the fruit, and a sharp look out after 
insects or other enemies will be the rontine here ti'l the fruit 
is ripe. 
Fies.—Continue, as stated for the last week or two; if the 
fruit appears to drop off or is stationary, without showing signs 
of ripening, have recourse to caprification, they never appear to 
drop under this simple process, and they ripen soon when thus 
treated, 
x condition than we 
a brisk heat by the linings, 
plants moist at the 
roots, there is a great demand on the plant while the fruit is 
i Tf you intend to try afew plants of an early sort in the 
ridge or cold frame way, the seeds should now be sown, and, as 
soon as they are up, potted off, harden them by degrees till they 
can stand in a cold frame ready to be planted out. 
wt-door Department. 
The month of May is always a busy time in the kitchen-garden 
and orchard—young crops to be thinned out, others to be earthed 
up; some to be transplanted, watered, and shaded; and succes- 
sional crops require to be now oftener sown. Thinning Grapes 
in the late Vineries is in many places a long and very particular 
job; while the host of insects and caterpillars, grubs, slugs, 
‘worms, are busy at their work of destruction, and must have 
perpetual war maintained against them, to say nothing of the 
care and judgment necessary for regulating the young shoots on 
wall and espalier-trees. 
Asparacus.—In cutting these for use, see that the weak, 
spindling shoots are cut off at the same time, that they may not 
hinder their betters from coming regularly forward, by en- 
couraging the sap away. 
Brocco11.—These should now be sown for the main supply 
next winter and spring. The dwarf and tall purple sprouting 
Broccoli are the most economical and useful of all the Cabbage- 
tribe called “greens”? ; if these are sown now, and again about 
the end of the month, they will produce tender sprouts from nex’ 
November till this time next year. No cottage-garden should be 
without this sort, which is far preferable to Borecole. 
Kipney-Brans.—Plant in boxes, to be protected a while, and 
Puas, BEANS, 
sort under the head of ‘* Succession v 
oftener, and in smaller quantities, till Midsummer, as they will 
come in faster during hot weather, 
SbAKALE.—Clear away the litter and pots as the stools get 
past use; cut over the stools level with the ground, and dig over 
the beds; and if the stools throw up more shoots than can be 
fully exposed to the sun and air, you must thin them out. 
Orcuarp.—Within the last three weeks the garden men have 
brought 45 wasps to me, for which they are regularly paid; the 
greatest portion were caught onthecommon Laurels. Plumand 
Pear-trees will now be ready to have some of the strongest 
young shoots stopped. The Apricot, Plum, and Cherry must 
carefully looked over, to get at the mischievous littie caterpillar, 
which is so unsociable as to shut itself up by twisting the young 
Wind. | Rain. 
Saturday As | 
Sunday 23 | 
Monday 24| 30.012 
Tuesday 25 | 30.070 | 
Vednesday26| 29.677 | 
Thursday 27 | 29,802 | 
A 324 
st at night, 
ty at night. 
rosty at night. 
24, Fine ; air with dusk. rosty + 
25. Thickly overcast ; cold rain; clear. 
26, Large patches of sleet in the morning; cold rain ; cloudy and fine ; 
ain. 
a 
Average | 29 977 
fine throughout ; ove 
22, Rain; showery; clear and 
s 
z 
rai 
27, Clear; cloudy and dine ; clear at night. 
Mean temperatt 8°. below the average.! 1 
State of the Weather at Chiswick during the 
Week ending May 6, 
| 
|_aver. | av 
0 
April and| ii vhes er. |Mean| Years in 
ighest Lowest | cen) Year 
1; May. |/hemp.| Temp. peat msiorn st 
al—| 5} 1 
3|-2| 1) 2] 6) 2) a|— 
| 6 2) 2) 2) 4) 1 
uring the above period occurred ‘on the Gth in 
west on the 6th in 1831—thermometer 28% 
‘The highest temperature 
1830—thermometer 81°; and the lo 
0. 
0. 
0,23 
Pi 
REPORT ON COVENT-GARDEN MARKET. 
TERE is a good supply this week of hothouse Grapes, of the 
Black Hamburgh kind, which are both well-coloured and of a 
fe 
moderately 
Pine-apples are 
respectable character. 
toes 
A 
IGES, Saronvay, April 29, 1843.—FRUITS :— 
Pine Apple, per 1b. 6s to 10s ‘Lemons, per 100, 5s to 14s _ 
Grapes, hothouse, per Ib., 6s to 12 er doz. 1s to 
— ” Spanish, per Ib. 1s to 1s 6d 
— Portugal, 1s to 3 Walnuts, per bush., 12s to 
Apples, dessert, per bush., 5s to 14s Chesnuts, per peck, 
— _ Kitchen, 4s to 8s Almonds, perpeck, 6s 
Sweet Almonds, per pound, 3s 
Filberts, English, per 100 Ibs. 55s to 608 
{Cob Nuts, per 100 tbs., 60s. to 70s, 
uts, per bushel— 
— Brazil, 168 
Oranges, per doz, 1s to 2s 6d — Spanish, 18: 
n: 5 
— Barcelona, 248 
per 100, 6s to 18s 
Cob, 12s to 14s 
— bitter, per 100, ds to 208 ~ 
VEGETABL! 
; per sieve, 1s 
Cabbage, Red, per doz. 2 
_— lan’ © doz. bun, 
1s to Gs Sp’ 
per doz. 1s Gd to 3s 6d 
On 
tols 6d 
plants, 2s to Be Od 
Cabbages , per doz., 9d to 1s Gd - 
to 8 
Broccoli, White, per bunch, 6d to 4s = li x hf.-sv., 466d to 5él 
—_’ Purple, éd to 1s — Green, p. doz. bun. 25 to 4s? 
Beans,Kidney, forced, p. 100, 1s to 2 ._. =. Spanish, per doz. 26 to 3 
Potatoes, per ton, 40s to 70s Garlic, perlb. 6dto8d 4 
— per cwt. 2s to 4s Shallots, per Ib., is to ls 6d 
= per bush 
6 Asparagus, 6s to 98 
— Kidney, p. bu = 
Sprue, or Small, 1s 6d to 2s 64 
— © forced 1g., per 100, 4s to 5s 
Sea-kale, per punnet, 1s to 8s 
Lettuce, Cabb., p. hf. 
— New, per Ib. Gd 
Jerusalem Artichokes, per half-sieve, 
1s to Is 6d 
Turnips, per doz. bun., 1s 6d to 2s 6d 
per dozen, 9d to ls 
Salsafy, per bundle, 1s 3d to 1s 6d 
Gardoons, each, 19 
lish, per bundle, 2¢ to Gs 
; ps doz. hands, 9d to 1s 
“sieve, Isto ls 68 
— ’ Cos, per score, 4d tols . = 
Endive, per score, Gd to 2s 
Celery, p.bd., (120 15) dd to ts Ol 
0 
talks, per bdle, 4d to } 
nnet, 2d to 3 
Green Basil 
Watercress, per do: 
» 6 Parsley, per half- 
ands, 1s 0d to2s| Tarragon, per do 
Fennel, 
28 to Be 
z. bunch. 43 to 6 M 
— .Young Horn, per bunch ,6d to 26 
Spring Carrots, 14 Gd vo 2¢ M 
Parsneps, per dozen, 6d to 1s 
