1843.) 
THE GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
323 
army is too scantily officered, has attracted attention, and 
has become the subject of gencral comment. The Bishop 
of Calcutta and Metropolitan of India arrived in Bombay 
on the 1]th March, where he held his primary visitation, 
and presided at the founding of the Great Medical College. 
A magnificent comet was seen throughout India from the 
beginning of March, and engaged the attention of all the 
astronomers, one of whom actually declared it had become 
a satellite of the earth! Dwarkanauth Tagore has been 
excluded from his family caste, in consequence of his 
repeatedly eating with the “unclean Europeans.” The 
captain of the Belvidere, which was burned some months 
ago at Singapore, was tried at Bombay for taking goods 
out of the ship while in harbour, and honourably acquitted. 
The most conflicting accounts were circulated respecting 
the state of Cabul. Akhbar Khan is no longer popular 
there, and another was said to have seized the govern- 
ment. Dost Mahommed was going back from Lahore to 
Cabul, but it was not known how he would be received 
there. He wished to be aided by the Sikhs, but they did 
not seem inclined to give him any assistance.—The news 
from China extends to the 21st February. The latest 
was brought to Bombay by an American schooner, the 
Zephyr, which is now plying as an opium trader from 
Bombay to China, and is remarkable for her swift sailing. 
é€ Emperor has ordered an investigation into the 
murders of the crews of the Ann and Nerbudda at 
Formosa. Nothing had been done in the arrangements 
Of the commercial treaty, for the British Plenipotentiary 
&ppeared to be waiting for the treaty as ratified by Her 
ajesty. The Chinese Commissioner and he were op 
Sood terms. Doubts are said to exist of the durability 
of any arrangement now entered into. The Chinese were 
usy in repairing all their forts and in strengthening 
their positions in the different places attacked last year. 
rade was dull, but expected to revive speedily. At 
Canton some dissatisfaction still prevailed. An immature 
revolt at Manilla had been put down, and the rebels 
executed. 
leaving are—from St. Thomas’s, April 8, 
and Bermuda, April 20. Her Majesty’s ship Warspite 
had proceeded to New York, for the purpose of taking 
home Sir Charles Bagot. Mr. Pakenham, late Minister 
at Mexico, came passenger from Vera Cruz by the Thames 
Steamer, and landed at Bermuda, to await the arrival of 
the Dee, expected from England. The whole of the West 
Thdia islands are reported to be unhealthy in consequence 
of the rains, and continued shocks of earthquakes were 
still felt. At Guadaloupe ten shocks had been experienced 
on the 3d, and one on the 5th, of April. » Gene: 
Anna had been indisposed, but had recovered, and gone 
80 severe that the crew of the latter were obliged instantly 
to abandon their vessel, and get on board the steamer, and 
the Eliza is supposed to have sunk very shortly afterwards, 
Braziis.—Her Majesty’s packet Penguin has arrived 
from Rio with the Brazilian and Buenos Ayrean mails, 
having sailed therefrom on the 23d March, bringing 15 
Passengers, and on freight about 20,0002 in gold, silver, 
. She brings also a confirmation of the unsuccessful 
result of Mr. Ellis’s special mission to the Court of Brazil, 
with a view of effecting a treaty between that empire and 
Great Britain, his proposals having been rejected and his 
nal audience for formally taking leave being fixed for the 
arch, and soon after which it was expected he 
Would embark in the Malabar for England. 
sBarlfament, 
mn HOUSE OF LORDS, 
com 7aty.—The Marquess of CuanricArpe moved for a sclect 
atatnittee to consider the operation of the Irish Poor-law. After 
ner yee his grounds for the proposed inquiry, hesaid that it would 
of interfere with the progress of the billat presentin the House 
expr mMmons.—The Archbishop of DuBLin seconded the motion, 
fon “ssing his decided conviction of the necessity for an altera- 
whic the Irish Poor-law. Mendicancy had increased in Ireland, 
Of pre Jaw had been instrumental in drying up the sources 
toe ivate charity. The Poor-law was not precisely an expedient 
a raising Money on false pretences, but in passing through the 
asta ature it had been stripped of clauses which would 
there? mendicity,—The Duk 
*re many defects in the Irish 
and Loc abe Earls of GuencaLy, M 
ne 
" y : 
plage he thought that by the forthcoming bill the evils com- 
oP ane 
Cra ttess of Downsurre opposed the motion.—The Marquess of 
been hecARDE would h 
Reon eld out that the bill in the Commons would be referred to 
Werrruittee up-stairs, on its reaching the Lords. —The Duke of 
8nd the nao® Promised to consider the propriety of so doing, 
Motion was withdrawn 
LANspowne said that the Government might rely with confi- 
dence upon the efforts of the House, in the maintenance of the 
integrity of the empire.—The Marque: Downsutre said that 
it was highly requisite that attention should be directed to the 
present excited state of Ireland upon this question.—Lord 
Camepext presented a petition, which again brought the Scotch 
Church question under discussion; and the arquess of 
Bruapatsane asked Lord Aberdeen how the Government in- 
tended to deal with the subject ?—Lord ABERDEEN said he had 
before stated the course which the Government would pursue, 
but he had no objection to repeat it. He should be very glad if 
he could prevent the disruption of the Church of Scotland, which 
it was said would follow the secession of some of its ablest 
ministers ; but if the Church insisted on claims inconsistent with 
liberty, and with the recognised principles of law in this free 
Protestant country ; if they contemplated establishing a tyranny, 
which it would be odious and derogatory to submit to, it was 
Impossible to support them, The principle he was willing to re- 
Cognise was the right of the people to object, and the right of 
the Fresbytery to judge.—aAfter a short conversation, in which 
the Duke of Arcyn1, Lord BRovcaam, and Lord Camrpe.y 
Joined, the petition was laid upon the table. 
Earl Srannorx presented the petition of the farmers assembled. 
at the Wallingford meeting, and in-doing’ so, stated shortly his 
Opinions relative to its prayer, The last harvest had not been 
more than an avera; 
Bucxrncnam affirmed that the recent alteration of the Corn. laws 
had been exceedingly prejudicial, and he hoped no further changes 
Same tone with respect to the repeal of the Corn-laws as they had 
done on the subject of the repeal of the Union, and wished they 
conversational debate followed; after which the petition was 
ordered to be laid 
Friday.—In reply to the Marquess of BREApALBANz, the Earl 
of Aperppen gaye a similar answer as on former occasions, as 
to the intentions of the Government with respect to the Church 
of Scotland.—The report on the Registration of Voters’ Bill was 
brought up, afrer some discussion; and some other routine 
business was transacted. 
Means, and the CHa 
his Budget. He prefaced his financial statement by an enumera- 
aking of last year, to equalise the revenue with the expenditure, 
at the same time that they reduced a large mass of duties; and 
particularly called attention to'the fact, that while the operation 
on the revenue of the remission of duties was immediate, that 
of the imposition of taxes was remote. 
is exposition of the actual revenue of the year ending the 5th 
April last, contrasting each item with the amounts anticipated 
r : there was a deficiency of 
750,0002. Of this deficiency 500,002. arose on the article of Seite, 
and 200,000/. on that of foreign spirits; caused, he said, by the 
uncertain negotiations, which had been pending with foreign 
Powers, and by increased habits of temperance amongst the 
lower orders, The Excise, which had been estimated to produce 
13,700,0007. (inclusive of 250,0007., the additional duty on Irish 
a Exchequer. The 
Stamps, which had been estimated at 7,190,000/., had produced 
7,000,0007. The Taxes, which had been calculated at 4,400,0002., 
had realised that sum. On the Post-office there was an increase 
upon the estimate of 110,000/. ‘The Crown lands fell short of the 
estimate by 30,0007. The whole of the ordinary revenue, which 
had been estimated last year by Sir Robert Peel to produce 
47,640,0007., had only actually produced 45,600,000/., thus leaving 
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pay off the holders of Exchequer-bills, being deducted, the net 
deficiency on the 5th of April was 2,100,000/. To get rid of this 
then proceeded 
He intro- 
duced this part of his Budget by stating that he left out of calcu- 
lation the sums ie opium merchants as 
compensation, and 800,000/. due to the Kast India Company for 
the expenses of operations in China, as he proposed to raise 
money for the liquidation of these sums b: vote of credit, 
reserving the money still to be received from China (which 
amounts to 3,150,000/.) for the repayment. The customs for the 
ear he calculated at 19,000,000/., excluding altogether the 
expectation of any duty from corn this year. The Excise, he 
thought, would produce 13,000,000., the Stamps 7,000,0002,, 
Taxes 4,200,000/., the Post-Office 600,000/., Crown lands 
130, 000/., the ordinary miscellaneous revenues 250,000/., nioney 
received from the Chinese Government, and which has been 
paid into the consolidated fund, 870,000/., the Property-tax, 
5,100,000/, Thus the total revenue of the year he anticipated 
oul The expenditure would be, for 
consolidated fund 2,357,000/. Total on these three charges, 
31,535,000/., being areduction on, the corresponding charges of 
last year of 257,000/., and making, with the reduction before 
stated, a total reduction on the entire estimates of 902,000. The 
result of these calculations was, that he anticipated the whole 
expense of the coming year to be 49,387,000/., while the income 
he hoped for would amount to 50,150,0007.; thus leaving him 
763,0002. of surplus to apply to the payment of the arrear of 
2,100,000/.,. with which he commenced the year. The right 
hon. gentleman concluded by expressing his confidence that the 
country was slowly recovering from its commercial and trading 
difficulties, and adduced what he considered to be proofs. of it. 
—In reply iscount Howick, the CHanceLior of the Ex- 
cnequen added to his statement that no reduction of taxation 
was contemplated.—Mr. Lapovcurre asked if there was to be 
no alteration in the sugar duties?—The Cuance.tor of the 
ExcHEQUER said he had no such intention.—Mr. Hume com. 
mented on the statement of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, 
which had greatly disappointed him: The present Government 
had succeeded no better than the preceding; our difficulties had 
rather increased than diminished, and woul lo so until our 
system was entirely changed. ad been led to expect that 
the Chancellor of the Exchequer was about to propose some- 
thing, such as the repeal of the malt-tax, and he was surprised if 
not disappointed to hear that nothing was to be done.—Mr, F, 
Barine also criticised the financial statement, which showed 
that the present Government, when in opposition, had proved to 
be false critics, as well as bad financiers. The revenue had 
produced by upwards of 2,000,000/. less than had been anticipated 
by a very sober calculation; wha' had taken out of the 
pockets of the people by the income-tax, they had lost on the 
revenue derived from articles of consumption.—Sir R. Pern 
quoted from the speech which he made last year, on introducing 
his financial. statement, and contended that there had been such 
a reduction in the prices of the great articles of consumption, as 
would enable any econom: 
predicted. He had also predicted that a revival of commerce 
decided symptoms of a revival of manufacturing industry, though 
he regretted that some great branches, such as the iron and 
coal trades, were yet in a state of depression, He ho) 
House w ini: 
not been imposed? 
me-tax. He had been told 
last year, that the effects of that tax would be perceptible in the 
reduction of the amount of the assessed taxes. Thi: 
had not been fulfilled, for the produce of the assessed taxes had 
been nearly what he had estimated. Considering the present 
state of the revenue, he had come to the conclusion, that for the 
present no reductions of duties could be proposed, which other 
wise would have been most agreeable to him to propose. 
Lord J. Russeiu remarked that the budget of the late Govern~ 
ment was proposed with a view to the benefit of trade and com- 
merce, and would have had that effect ifithad been adopted. But 
the financial measures of the present Government had preserved 
the entire amount of the deficiency for which they had to provide 
on entering office, He would not support any proposition which 
would permanently affect the revenue, but if trade andcommerce 
were improving and we were blessed with a bountiful harvest 
next year, it afforded the desired opportunity for further ameliora- 
tion of our import duties.—After some remarks from Mr. S. 
Wortey, Lord Howick alluded to the “change of performer” 
in making the annual statement; last year it was the First Lord 
of the Treasury, who, with a 
nounced his scheme; this year, it was the Chancellor of the 
Exchequer, who spoke in humbler i 
of the duty on the importation of coal; and after 
ifferential duties which had been 
some remarks from Mr. BeLy, Mr. LasoucuEre dwelt on the 
importance of an immediate adoption of a sound policy, which 
had only to be boldly acted on to bring general prosperity.—Sir 
R. Fercuson and Mr. M. Gisson followed, the latter intimatinghis 
fears that even the small duty on cotton could not be maintained 
with safety to the prosperity of our manufactures. He hoped 
Sir Robert Peel would boldly act on the principles which he had 
avowed, and he was sure the country gentlemen would not for- 
sake him if he told them that. the condition of the country 
required it,—Mr. Witriams asked if the frauds at the Custom- 
house had been taken into account. he CHANCELLOR of the 
means of ascertaining the amount of th 
The Report of the commission of inquiry had not yet 
been made, and would only refer to 
covered.—The C of the E in r 
Mr. Hutt, stated that the Bank of England was instructed 
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to give an answer, as it would be inconvenient. The discussion 
having been finished, the formal vote was agreed to, and the 
Speaker resumed the chair. 
this purpose all the powers vested in them under the existing 
law: and though not desirous of disparaging the constitution by 
ig fo! w and extraordinary powers until those of the 
existing law should be found practically insufficient, they would 
not hesitate, should that insufficiency become apparent, to 
appeal to Parliament for such enactments as would effectually 
the object 
a 
law.—In reply to a question by Capt. Bernal, Sir R. Prxn sai 
committee for the purpose of considering 
importation of foreign corn, wi 
abolition.” The motion was similar to those which on various 
