1843.] 
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 
39 
Species, with orange-coloured flowers, well adapted for growing 
in small greenhouses; Hoitzia Mexicana, a plant it pal 
flesh-coloured flowers, of great beauty in its native country, 
but although introduced many years since, it is not so generally 
cultivated as it deserves; cut flowers of the deliciously scented 
Chimonanthus fragrans and grandiflora, hardy shrubs, requiring 
Only to be protected while in bloom from wet, and worthy of a 
place in every garden; with a branch of Gfrrya elliptica, were 
also exhibited. The fruit from the Garden consisted of the fol- 
lowing Pears: Rouse Lench, a great bearer and hardy ; Ne Plus 
Meuris, not handsome, but of good quality ; Beurré Rance, Easter 
Beurré, and Poire d’Austrassie. Amongst the Apples were the 
Royale, a kind of Russet, of good quality; Boston Rus- 
Set, well-flavoured ; New Rock Pippin, a small, but firm and rich 
fruit; Pennington’s Seedling, rich, but higher flavoured after 
moister summers than that of 1842; and the Cockle Pippin, a 
good desert Apple, and an excellent keeper. model was exhi- 
bited of Jucke’s Patent Furnace. In this the fire-bars form an end- 
less chain passing over two drums, one at each end of the furnace, 
and arekeptin constant motion, at the rate of about 8 feet per hour, 
either by hand or by a strap connected with a steam-engine. The 
consumption of fuel is regulated by a door in front, which can 
raised to any desired level. e air is constantly passing 
through the fire-bars, and the clinkers are carried along by the 
revolving bars, and fall over into an iron box at the extremity of 
the grate. The whole of the apparatus can be removed from be- 
neath the boiler, when necessary. The smoke is said to be entirely 
LINNEAN SOCIETY. 
17.—E, Forster, Esq., in the chair.. Mr. Wm. Taylor ex- 
i a cruciferous plant, with 
Were elected Fellows. 
FLORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
Jan.17,—Mr. Wrench in the chair, Mr. Turville was elected 
@member. It was announced that at the ensuing meetings, the 
discussions upon florists’ flowers would be renewed ; the first to 
take place on Feb. 7, when Mr, Wildman will bring forward a 
Paper upon the Dahlia 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Chinese Flower Gardens.—The Chinese gardens are 
Of a peculiar character, and differ altogether from ours in 
their arrangements; while the care bestowed on them by 
their possessors exceeds anything of which we could have 
formed an idea. To each branch, often even to each 
leaf of a tree or a shrub, the utmost pains are taken to give 
the appropriate turn, and the gardeners may be seen 
Sitting constantly beside the plants, and employed in 
binding and pruning them, in order to accomplish the 
desired form. The production of the greatest variety and 
Contrast of colours is the chief object of the Chinese 
lower-gardeners. Strangers to refinement and the tender 
€motions, the Chinese have no taste for the pure and tran- 
quilenjoyment which the perfumes of sweet-scented floweis 
Yield. It is only in gaudy colours, and by a marvellous 
skill in developing singular growths, that the Chinese 
Sardener excels, Long and straight alleys run directly 
through their gardens, and are bordered by low trees of 
One and the same species. We visited these gardens [in 
the vicinity of Canton] in the month of November, and 
Yemarked the following objects: close to the entrance were 
‘arge masses of Chrysanthemums, the blossoms of which 
ad attained an extraordinary size. Then followed whole 
plots of Citrons and Shaddocks, which were raised in pots, 
and loaded with fruit; and it was remarkable that all these 
fruits were divided into segments, and thus formed 
Permanent monstrosities, which were further propagated 
by Grafts. It is by such mis-growth that they acquire a 
. 4ger-shaped appearance, which occurs also occasionally 
in Our conservatories, In China these fruits are cultivated 
assiduously, not only for the adornment of the gardens, 
ae also for the sake of the well-known Chinese preserved 
tron, of which large quantities come to us by commerce. 
ae purpose they use chiefly the smaller fruits, 3 or 4 
f ches long, which are boiled in refined sugar. The larger 
fatsof monst hap of theS) k kind, andoften 
ee 10 to 11 inches long, while the several segments extend 
ingly in all directions. In the gardens these odd-shaped 
ates as well as the sweet Oranges, with which whole 
ace are planted, have a neat appearance, as they do not 
Men any trunk to form, but force them at once to spread 
the branches, Large borders are to be seen planted with 
nea japonica, and others with Cockscombs, some 
flo white, others with yellow or red flowers ; the yellow- 
io Wered plants had shot particularly high, and they were 
the sanged that all the plants in a bed were of one and 
Scilla” colour, We also saw in the gardens a species of 
8 ae very like Sc. maritima, which showed the samesort 
ip onstrosity as the Cockscomb. We observed Bamboos 
more stems of which were 2 or 3 feet high, and were 
Cas into spiral form from below upwards. Among the 
ess the Lee-chee, Banana, Averrhoa carambola, and 
tratnied Palms, on the stems of which Epidendrums were 
very | + The ponds of these gardens, some of which were 
Y large, contain beautiful fish, which are fed by a dis. 
but:common method among the. Chinese, which is 
r them very plump. The stools in the plea- 
aré, for the most part, of a coarse sort of 
» or they are formed of large flat stones supported 
Tus? be en frames ; which, by their coolness in summer, 
to ie very agreeable to sit upon, when one is accustomed 
stiall-len gle borders are frequently edged with a 
by aved Box-tree ; and the long walks are bounded 
which Ses of Averrhoa, O/lea fragrans, and other plants, 
Were new to us. On the whole, we must allow that 
Planting in regular masses of the large-flowered Chry- 
santhemums, with Oranges, Camellias, Kélmias, and tall 
Cockscombs, is not altogether devoid of beauty; but a 
stranger can hardly reconcile himself to an arrangement 
which must appear to him so contrary to the rules of good 
taste. Hydrangeas and Asters seemed at this time to be 
out of fashion, for we saw very few of them.—Dr. Meyen’s 
Reise um die Erde. 
Orchidaceous Plants.—The collection of Orchidaceous 
plants in the garden has been much increased of late 
years by the introduction of many rare and beautiful spe- 
cies from the high lands of Mexico and Guatemala. When 
these were sent home, Mr. Hartweg informed us in his 
letters, that the tl was i near the 
freezing point where many of them grew; and this was 
confirmed by the quantity of small mosses, which we 
found growing upon some of the branches to which the 
plants had attached themselves. I, therefore, about two 
years ago, removed many of them into a house, which is 
kept cooler than the Orchidaceous stove, and they have 
succeeded much better than others of the same kinds 
which were allowed to remain in a high temperature. 
Many of those which are most unmanageable in the Or- 
chidaceous house succeed here without any trouble; it is 
evidently the most natural place for them, as in other 
circumstances they are over excited, growing sickly and 
languid, forming smaller pseudo-bulbs and leaves every 
year, and finally perishing.—Mr. Loddiges, and, I believe, 
Mr. Bateman, have both experienced the same results ; it 
is, therefore, a circums!ance which cannot be too well 
known, because many persons have been deterred from 
growing Orchidaceous plants, by believing that they re- 
quire such a high temperature. The house in the Garden 
where they are grown has no artificial heat during the 
greater part of the summer, and in winter it is kept at 
about 55 degrees. The air, however, is always kept more 
moist than ina common greenhouse.—Mr. Fortune, in 
the Proceedinys of the Hort. Soc., No. XVII. 
Assam Tea.—The Planters’ Journal (an Indian news- 
paper) notices favourably some Gunpowder Tea that had 
been produced in the hilly country of Assam. The speci- 
men is declared to have a strong, high flavour, and other 
qualities that will recommend the article strongly to con- 
sumers in England, where it can be delivered at a cheap 
rate. We learn from the same source that the shares in 
the Assam Company that were lately offered for sale 
at auction met hardly any bidders, and that the prices 
offered were very inadequate to the.-amount already 
paid up. The Company are making another call on their 
shareholders of 3/. 10s. each share, divided into portions 
of rs. 17 8. 
Agri-Horticultural Society of India.—We learn from 
the Planters’ Journal that the Secretaryship of this im- 
portant institution was not filled up at the departure of 
the last mail, and that, in addition to the other candi- 
dates, Mr. Griffiths had offered himself for the situation. 
Cook Celery.—Celery stewed in plain water till 
tender, and sent up to table with a toast and melted but- 
ter, exactly like Seakale, is an admirable auxiliary to a 
mutton-chop, &c., and for those who cannot masticate 
it in a raw state.—Muscipula 
4 
Henderson's Nursery, Pine-Apple-Place.—The show-house is 
already becoming gay with forced flowers, amongst which the 
Rhodora canadensis are very con- 
but interesting object, and one 
insignis; its clear pink flowers, which are abundantly produced, 
and its elegant drooping mode of growth, render it worthy of 
being more generally cultivated. Begonia parviflora, with small 
white flowers and of compact habit, is another pretty specics 
which is extensively grown at this nursery, It is found that this 
genus thrives best in a soil not too retentive of moisture ; and 
that it is beneficial during the growing season to let the mould 
in the pots sometimes become well dried before the plants are 
again watered. . This treatment tends to make them more bush: 
and this habit may be increased by occasionally nipping out the 
Erénthemum strictum, an 
neglected plant, deserves a place in every collection; 
its elegant foliage renders it at all times a handsom 
is said to succeed best 
pretty variety, somewhat in the style of E. 
nite so highl slow L sea, a free-blooming 
E. exsurgens coccinea, another good winter 
range 
Already is the west: wing of the noble 
raj . 
cuitural buildings, now putting up by Mr. Clark, of Birmingham, 
buildings will extend, and which we learn will be little short of 
ousand feet. A neat and elegant structure, in the Eli 
workmen have 
feature of the place, however, will be the ie 
tural oueltes already mentioned, ana sean ert ticty resent 
ce, bid fair t isting 
‘ive our readers a more detailed descripti ble¢ 
Wed the range is completed. Tiption of these buildings 
Séjour, Guernsey.—A plant of the vari oie 
Japénica is now flowering in this garden in iil pesteettour HeIte 
clothed with from 1500 to 2000 blossoms. Waleatvod tie 
summit of a wall which is 11 feet in height, and is fully 40 feet in 
Several kinds of Caméllias are thriving, with eq 
luxuriance, at Mr. Dobrée’s; amongst these is a double white, 
which extends about 50 feet, the blossoms of which are about to. 
make their appearance in countless numbers. What more 
striking proof can be given of the mildness of our climate ?— 
Guernsey Star, 
Rebielos. 
Journal of an Afghanistan Prisoner. 
12mo, Murray. ap 
Ir as literary critics we had to pronounce an opinion 
upon this book, we should describe it as one of the most 
interesting that it is possible to conceive, and infinitely 
beyond the fictions of romance in the extraordinary tales 
which it unfolds. Ve, however, regard it merely with re- 
spect to its natural history, of which there are scraps here 
and there. 
Frequent mention is made of a plant called the Holly 
Oak. In the valley of Jugdulluk, a formidable defile 
through which the troops had to struggle on their way to 
Jellalabad, the road was obstructed by two strong bar- 
riers, formed of branches of this prickly Holly Oak, stretch- 
ing completely across the defile. The same plant is men- 
tioned elsewhere as growing on the hills. 
At the Pass of Udrak-budruk, the author ‘gathered 
“¢ quantities cf a curious herbaceous plant, the under sur- 
face of whose.leaves was covered with a beautiful) crimson 
dewy-lookin ; substance, which the Affghan ladies use as 
rouge.” 11 one of the branches of the Tezeen valley, 
yellow Dog-Roses and white Tulips are mentioned, and 
the travellers in the heat of the day refreshed themselves 
in shady bowers formed of Juniper. On the hills near 
Cabul, the Gum-ammoniac plant is spoken of with the 
young flowers clustered together not unlike a small Cauli- 
flower. It is described as an umbelliferous plant, growing 
to the height of six feet, and in its general appearance and 
mode'of growth, resembling an Heracleum. In the same 
place, that is the captives’ prison, in the valley of Cabul, 
the climate was delightfully cool and pleasant, and the, 
cultivation luxuriant. The common trees were the Poplar,, 
Willow, Mulberry, and Eleagnus, whose yellow flowers. 
scattered a powerful and delicious perfume through the 
surrounding air. Purple Centaureas adorned the Corn- 
fields, and a handsome Hedysarum, with a Lupine-like 
flower, enlivened the border of every field and water-course 5 
while a delicate kind of Tamarisk ornamented the banks 
of the neighbouring river ; and in the garden was found a. 
very beautiful Orobanche, growing parasitically from the 
roots of the Melon. 
‘an any of our readers tell us what the Holly Oak, 
and the Afighan Rouge plant are ? 
By Lieut. Eyre. 
Introduction & une Flore Analytique et Descriptive 
des Environs de Paris, par MM, Cosson, Germain, an 
Weddell, is a little list of the plants found about Paris, 
with short occasional notes, It consists of 153 duodecimo 
pages, and gives the localities in which the species occur. 
Tux new Number of Martin Doyle’s Cyclopedia of 
Practical Husbandry begins with Manures, and ends 
with Paring and Burning. As usual, it is full of good, use- 
ful, practical information, of which the following is not @ 
bad specimen.—‘‘ Lord Meadowbank’s mode of rendering 
Peat a profitable manure is by far the best. His sugges~ 
tion is to form a layer of peat which had been previously in 
a dry state, a little longer than the intended midden, six 
inches thick ; and on this to lay fresh dung and peat im 
alternate courses, diminishing each layer of dung from 10 
inches in thickness until the compost is three or four feet 
high, when it should be covered from the ends (which 
should be formed to overlap for the purpose) and the sides 
with peat. His lordship’s proportion is, one load of dung 
to three of peat, in mild or warm, and a little more dung 
in cold weather, so as to produce @ full and general fer- 
mentation, which in summer will be so rapid and violent. 
application of peat. The heap 
wn and thoroughly mixed, and 
all the lumps broken a , 
which it ferments moderately a second time, and then pre~ 
sents the appearance of garden-mould, and equals farm 
yard manure in strength. 
g hav pee a 
forcing, three of the principal agents which govern the growth of 
plants—heat, 
plants, w' 
quantity of solar light which ou, dull winters afford. 
alone can determine what degge of heat and moisture may safely. 
be applied to certain families of. plants under a given quantity of 
light. Hence it is, on this point at least, that the observations 
and young gardener than those of men.of science. nce, 
the great caution imsisted on, of late yeays in the application of 
artificial-heat in the comparative absence of light. The daily 
