Pr 
1843] THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. 1s 
A 8CHITECTURE. — Professor Cockrruny’s Lec- | gives to the soil a manure exactly similar to that of | have been deposited, and Succeeded in finding—not, 
Ma ASR Misejet ges, Orie 4d) eattanee oO orinis | decayed vegetables: it never stimulates the plants | indeed, his pla: i 
es, pri ecural nae * * = z # " 
Report of the bixthand Concloding bese THEATHENAUM | too much: it is decomposed slowly, and in every | which ms been torn off, and remained behind in tes- 
Parts for January and February, brite te ols each, contain the respect acts as vegetable mould. Ifa sufficient supply Palo ae the dishonesty of Her Majesty’s servants. 
whole Six Lectures, and may be ordered of any Bookseller. of this effete substance could be procured, no manure | And this'kind of robbery, we affirm, is an‘event of far 
could be better suited to the growth and maturity of | from uncommon occurrence, 
he Gardeners’ Chronicie, all kinds of vegetable productions. Gardeners well 
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know this, and in the cultivation of delicate and yalu- FIXING 
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1843, able plants they use nothing else; the SEPENSE AS NOt | tek, Sen tated ak piste phat to various pro 
: fends j regarded, but only the healthy vegetation ot the plants cesses for fixing ammonia, and the great attention ses 
ZMEETINGS FOR THE TWO FOLLOWING WEEKS. they cultivate. But those substances that escape in a | is now paid to the subject throughout the country, in- 
MEGA MAE Ge +s « Botasial “ry. ge. 8 Pam, volatile form, and which form a large portion of the duce me to trouble you with a few observations upor 
Monday, Mar.6. . . .  Bntomologieal » can be rendered | some of the means which are taken to fix ammonia. Pro- 
JS Horticultural 
‘Tuesday, Mar. 7 oe [ an 
Wednesday, Mar, 8. . F>, 
an tee aint are formed. They do 
pointing out several theoretical objections, and consluding 
by advising them to ascertain for themselves whether oy 
dj tari Its with | ®t the plan possesses any practical value, 
ae neeeUs eo Then = Ido not think it necessary to copy the whole of the 
i i © in_water, and being | stat ent respecting this new mode of fixing ammonia. 
require far larger funds than ean be raised q i statement respecting this n Bian 
igntiy heats ioe their seeds, may be supposed The author of it adverts to the loss of ammonia con- 
ton, and to enter by the Toots | stantly going on in stables and other similar situations, 
they are dissolved. To retain | and then says, “ There is, however, a cheap and simple 
make them subservient to the remedy for this. Before you begin to clear out your stable, 
e increased fertility of the soil, | dissolve some common salt in water; if a four-horse 
ts we have in view, in enlisting stable, say dbs. of salt, dissolved in two buckets of water, 
f agriculture; and the hints | and poured through the rose of a watering-pan over the 
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ful engineers, or to advance capital 
of interest ; long leases being regarded ag good secu- 
discoveries of science : and, being | will algo have a new and most important agent thus intro- 
founded on carefully-repeated experiments, will be | duced, viz., the carbonate of soda. As this is a most 
ultimately adopted by the most sceptical and purely | powerful solvent of all vegetable fibre, and seeing that 
u € practical farmer, all manures have to be rendered soluble before they can 
be obtained from Parliament, would be to rescue and The garden is an admirable school in which to | act upon vegetation, it will be at once apparent that the 
embank from the sea some of the numerous shoals | Jearn agriculture ; but in the garden, results only are | carbonate of soda so introduced: must be a most powerful 
looked to, without regard to the expense. The | and valuable agent.” é F 
market-gardeners are, it is true, men who cultivate There is no doubt that if such a plan as this were found 
land for profit ; but their customers are mostly in the 
class where everything which contributes to comfort 
or enjoyment is liberally paid for. Every growth is 
] mo: , ; i i F 3 Se . ri 
shores of the great echsee ae jem aeMkIng the | of market an eae enmataral ‘hom unusual cy | axenbed and gi for theme ee aa 
shores of the reat ¢ is ll d th W, ain an ers 43 foi a ie 2 ae men ing farmers. 2h ry tor nemselves the Wai ue 01 e 
rane Hass great estuary calle the Was! lities in disposing of their produce, and obtaining an plan, at the same time most properly cautioning them 
onn ennie was employed to examine the outfalls of unlimited supply of manure. But a little observation | against implicitly believing the truth of the statement. 
On the practice of gardeners in the management of | He observes, that if ammonia is thus fixed, it is pro- 
manure, and a comparison of it with the principles | bably not in q of the decomposi 
laid down by science, would sreatly assist the practical | ammonia, but by the mutual reaction of common salt and 
conclusions of the larger farmer. Prudence and eco-/ carbonate of ammonia. Common salt is not acted on by 
homy are the soul of agriculture; and the balance of | ®™monia ; the latter cannot decompose salt, and eres 
accounts at the end of the year is the criterion of the | Slt would be of no value in Lane caustic ammonia, 
system pursued ; yet this is not all: if a farmer 
realizes the same net profit by an expensive outlay in 
Another subject in which we think capital might 
be advantageously invested, if sufficient powers could 
that volatile pungent-smelling agent into a fixed solid 
: pets . - . Ae substance? In the first place. it must be remembered that 
whole county of Rutland, and capable of producing | hig country—he gives a livelihood to more individuals though dry pure salt is described by chemists as being 
oP Ost tae suartcrs of Wheat 200,080 quarters by the additional labour, and more food to the com- | “chloride of sodium,” or when combined with water is called 
ARGH Osheep and $),000n 4 ae ea feeding munity by his greater crops—two most important muriate of soda, yet the common salt ordinarily met with 
e Peas > r 40, 1u locks. his great objects where population is redundant and profitable | in commerce is by no means chemically pure. It contains a 
Pan was, however, stopped by private influence, and employment scarce. This is a di ression, but perhaps | considerable quantity of impurities, amounting frequently 
the worthy Corporation of Lynn have for the present | not devoid of utility, and is intimately connected with | t0 several per cent. of the salt. The impurities, for the 
f the immense ad- our subject.—M. most part, consist of muriate and sulphate of lime and 
vantages that must have followed the addition of a Re magnesia ; and, generally speaking, the cheaper the salt the 
around their port. : 
uch @ case as this is an instructive caemple of | under examination,’ we do trust that those who have | aud, therefore, Barba tea ge en 
what may be expected by those who embark in such | charge of the investigation will make some inquiry | "Pure common salt, the purges siete ion 
undertakings as we have here ventured to recommend, | into the history of the infamous Plunder that noto. | M'rate and sulphate of ammonia are f 
and we mention it in order that the public, if they riously takes place when packages of plants arrive at 
should invest their money in drainage oy embank- | our ports. For more years than we can tTemember, | The second point to be considered is, does muriate of soda, 
them to deal effectually with the numerous °pponents | Horticultural Society of London, and to all the great | tent, re-act upon each other ; but that whilst one Portion 
whom they are pretty sure to encounter, importersof plants, for a confirmation of our statement, | of the ammonia is fixed, another is rendered caustic 
We have introduced this subject as a Sequel to the| | When packages of living plants arrive from the tro. | and even more volatile than a was when ne sine of car. 
articles on drainage which have recently appeared in | pics, especially if they contain Orchidaceous plants, | bonate. It is boeiivee ira -cecompoee rt aes 
Our columns ; we have, however, no intention of pur- | they have been continually robbed, unless some active | bonate ot Paris ey oa ditions must be ae aly 
Suing it further. It is for capitalists, and not journ- | agent has been on the spot to see them opened, and to pondnetee a by the addition of salt to manure < ana 
alists, to occupy themselyes with the details of such | secure them from the official plundeters, oes Chih would otherwise be lost _ > & portion 
affhirs, if they think it worth their while, Specific instances enough might be named, but as Hee be fixed; yet, I believe that jt i 
we do not desire, on the one hand, to €Xpose the suf- | portion compared with what escapes. So. far from ity 
ity in the soil, or réstoring it when diminished 3 and | quents, we shall content ourselves with mentioning | ammonia and carbonate of soda, it is, on the contrary 
mins trace the steps of the decomposition of this | one single case of recent occurrence, evidently pf Revet sto. them i—for carbonate of soda and 
Bole Soe the soil, we shall find that it re-| A oentleman was’ advised that certain packages ice ee &compose each other, and when two 
ciples s fitout umus as soon as the volatile prin- | containing valuable plants had been despatched for Sradieebntcs oe "te Taig together under bees 
Ben - — Hata escaped, and the Vegetable | him from: Belize. Gaining no intelligence of them aaraethe Sh oe anit is ‘armed and ae = 
@ black earth, whith seh disorganised and reduced from the Custom House agents, he travelled to town escape of the yolatine omen ie of ‘thet alles : I there. 
pure, 4 vast are », In fact, is humus more or less | for the purpose of inquiring after them. ‘The people fore suspect, that thane pi mee thay enaplaye ce 
ieoftre manure, after ie men oh, common stable licpdhieen sckex-pocieideoan gees fe it be, ing 
2 en allowed to go | the nad been te ammonia; whj + “4h :, ; 
sinoush the alae at Fermentation and decompo- Hoss officers: the Custom House officers denied all will be ‘gona PN age ape iiie cate 
ti erat a oP ig tendency. to heat, as ig the case in knowledge of them. : He, however, Tummaged over | value in fixing the carbonate of ammonia of manure=s 
ue of hotheds used to force early vegetables, | the warehouses in which it was supposed they might | z, Solly. Jun, 
