160 
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 
(Mar, 11, 
this subject Mr. Mearns has judiciously observed: ‘* The 
Vines, also, must be as near the glass as circumstances 
will permit. At any other season it is not of so much 
importance; although at any time I like the leaves to be 
near the glass roof, that is, within from 3 to 6 inches, yet 
never allowed to touch it. In most hot-houses the Vines 
are placed too near the glass ; and the consequence is, the 
leaves which accompany the fruit are scorched, or so 
much injured that they very rarely bring the fruit to per- 
fection ; they are also much more subject to the attacks 
of red-spider and thrips than if at a fair distance from 
the*glass.”” 
The remainder of the work details the author’s practice 
in the routine culture of established Vines in pots, wit 
remarks on Situation and Solar Influence, Watering, At- 
mospheric Influence, and Pruning; concluding with an 
analytical list of papers on the Vine, to be met with in 
various works. The directions throughout are clear and 
explicit, and will enable any person, with care and the 
necessary conveniences, to obtain Grapes upon this system 
at a season when those of the previous year are consumed, 
and before the principal early-forced crop is expected to 
be ready for use. 
Scotch Farming in England ; a Second Letter. By Robert 
Hyde Greg. Ridgway & Son. 8yo. 
Tuer is no doubt that the general system of farming in 
Scotland is much superior to that of a great part of 
England. The Scotch are more industrious, more atten- 
tive to minute circumstances, and they do not allow plea- 
sure to interfere with their business. The labourers are 
better instructed, and work more steadily than the English. 
The Scotch farmer has either more capital, or better 
credit, and calculates nicely every prospect of profit, by 
laying out money on his farm. He gets more work out of 
his horses and labourers, and keeps them more economi- 
cally, in proportion to their work. All this enables him 
to pay higher rents, and still have a fair profit. 
As to the comparative produce of an English anda 
Scotch farm of the same extent and similar soil, we think 
that Mr. Greg, for the sake of argument, has contrasted 
some of the most slovenly farming in England with the 
best in Scotland. We can scarcely credit the assertion 
that 70 acres in Scotland averaged 8 quarters of Wheat 
per Scotch acre (or 62 per statute acre) in 1842, worth 60s. 
(see note, page 8) which price must include ¢ailing corn 
or light grains; while the average of 100 square miles of 
country very near Durham gives a produce of only 13 
quarter of Wheat per statute acre. Yet this is given as a 
correction of a former statement ! 
That the only ploughs observed at work (note, page 9) 
in going from Hertfordshire to London had each five 
horses attached, in land by no means stiff, may be true, as 
a fact, but not a fact to found an argument on. 
The French proverb “ Qui dit trop ne dit rien’’ might 
fairly be applied here, and the very judicious observations 
of Mr, Greg are neutralized by these statements. 
e most heartily concur in the assertion that the 
more generally diffused and more practical education of the 
Scotch is the main cause of their superiority in farming, 
as well asin anything they undertake ; that the system 
of leases is also an advantage, and the credit given to the 
farmer in q) he objections to new modes o 
cultivation and to the introduction of machinery, said to be 
entertained by English labourers, and even farmers, is much 
exaggerated. Let Mr. Greg travel through Suffolk, Norfolk, 
and Essex, and he will find very little corn threshed by the 
fiail. The chief cause of the greater profit of the Scotch 
farmers is the sobriety and steadiness of the labourer, 
who is chiefly paid in the produce of the farm, and also 
the greater attention of the farmer himself. We much 
doubt whether the Scotch farmer on land of the same 
quality raises more produce per acre than a Suffolk or 
Norfolk farmer, or that his land is kept in as cleana state +3 
but he raises it at less expense. 
It were much to be wished that the English farmer 
would imitate the Scotch in many of his operations, and 
the Scotch might, perhaps, not regret a journey to the 
best-managed English farms—not to find fault, but to 
learn something, There is but one degree of perfect cul- 
tivation, which neither have yet arrived at, and all should 
strive to reach without invidious comparisons. Whereve: 
the cultivation is most economical, the rents will be higher 
in proportion. With respect to questions of political 
economy, we confess our inability and our unwillingness 
to enter upon them.— M7. 
g 
Every Man his own Brewer. By Samuel Child. Ridgway, 
mo. Thirteenth Edition. 
Tue large sale of this excellent little treatise is some 
indication of its value in the eyes of the public; and its 
trifling price puts it within the reach of everybody. 
= “A quarter of Malt,” says the author, ‘‘ with all the 
ingredients to make good Porter, exclusive of time and 
trouble, (for time and trouble must have different values 
in different families, therefore cannot be well estimated 
b 
produced five barrels of Porter, which may be sold to the 
r barrel, equal to 7/. 10s., which, 
might supply him with for less than three and a half.” 
The object of Mr. Child’s book is to show che hes can 
best be done. 
OF Stephens’s Book of the Farm, the XIIth part, just 
Published, contains information upon Corn. markets, 
part of his publication. 
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS for the ensuing week, 
ead of a 
w done flowering. Do not prun 
but keep it nearly dry until all the shoots have gi 
inches long; then give it a good waterin 
enable you to arrange the head into a better form. hen the 
growing season is nearly over, you may stop the bottom shoots 
at different heights, and by keeping your plants rather under 
potted, and’pruning very sparingly, by only pinching out the tops 
of the stronger shoots as they advance in growth, you will ulti- 
mately have a bushy specimen without the assistance of 
stakes or trellis-work. My attention was first called to this ex. 
pediency by seeing a Camellia, with a long stem as thick as 
walking: stick, break out at the surface of the pot by being turned 
down on its side to inarch from it. 
I.—KITCHEN-GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 
In-door Department. 
Prvery. — After shifting and arranging the stock, a slight 
syringing to clean off any dust from the leaves is a usual and 
useful practice. Such of the young stock as have been dis. 
rooted must be shaded a few hours in the middle of sunny days, 
and be kept rather close and moist. Advantage may now be 
taken of sun-heat to close the houses early in the afternoon, 
while the sun yet shines on the glass. 
ny.—Abundance of moisture will now be very useful in 
all stages of growth, except where the Vines are just in flower, 
The usual routine of thinning and tying up the shoots is all that 
is necessary now. . All the houses had better be shut up early in 
the afternoon; sun-heat is far more congenialto vegetation than 
fire-heat, 
Pracn-nouse.—Keep up a steady moist atmosphere, and when 
you have an hour tospare, look over the disbudded shoots to see 
whether the buds have been properly removed. When they are 
rubbed off with the finger, they often break again from the 
bottom ; indeed, disbudding with the finger is a slovenly method 
—the point o! nife is far preferable. iouse is near 55° 
in the morning, it is enough, and you may shut up when it 
stands about 70° by sun-heat. 2 
CuHERRyY-HOUSE.—This house also requires a steady moist 
2 
atmosphere. Stone-fruit, whether forced or grown in the natural 
way, suffers more from sudden changes than other kinds, 
Fics.—This is the safest time in the year to begin forcing 
Figs, and they will do in any of the houses where forcing has 
lately commenced. The early ones are now swelling their fruit, 
and require a constant supply of moisture. 
ELONS AND CucumBers.—Those who are beginning to grow 
these plants will now have fewer difficulties to contend with. It 
is better to commence with Cucumbers and to raise early Melons 
in the Cucumber- frame, This is the common practice; but those 
who care nothing for Melons unless grown by sun-heat with 
as little forcing as possible, will not sow the seed till the begin- 
ning or middle of April. For the mode of preparing the beds 
the amateur must be referred to the index of the two former 
volumes. 
BALSAMS AND Cockscomss for the first crop, as well as 
any foreign seeds, may be sown now in the Cucumber-frame. 
great number of cuttings ma: jo be struck; but they are 
dangerous things to introduce into Melon or Cucumber beds, as 
they are so liable to insects. 
Out-door Department, 
of the Kitch 
The out-door dep; arden will be alively 
scene for the next six weeks. Young aspirants often commi' 
great mistakes at this time by being in too great a hurry ; the 
work is either not half done, or if it is, ten to one if the soil is 
in a fit state. It is one of the characteristics of a good servant, 
that he is never seen in a hurr f you get the successional! 
crops in at the first opportunity, the permanent ones will not 
suffer much for a week or ten days cither way; and if time is 
‘ken to do the work in a proper manner, it may save time 
afterwards and also disappointment. 
spAracus.— Where this is regularly forced, a few rows must 
be sown annually to keep up the supply. Any time this month 
will do for this sowing. 
Arricnoxkes.—It is a good plan to plant out every year during 
this month a few rows of suckers ; these will come in after the 
permanent beds have done bearing. An equal quantity of the 
older stools may then be destroyed annually ; plant them in 
single rows. = 
Horse RAvis#.—This should be treated exactly like the Arti- 
choke, by planting a few rows i 
oldest bed, picking up every 
Potatoes rather thickly in the bed, in order to destroy what re- 
mains of the roots. 
Sea-Karx.—Either sow a few rows or plant cuttings from the 
crowns, 
RuvBarB.—This should be planted without loss of time where 
new plantations are wante: new sort is to be tried. Do 
not trust to seedlings from superior sorts; they sport as much 
as Broccoli. 
$8 AND Beans.—It is a good plan to sow early and late 
sorts at the same time, to prolong the succession; but rather 
sow often than a large breadth at one time 
week till the end of April. The forced ones should be planted 
out as soon as these severe frosts are over. 
gcnarpd.—The chief business here is to provide coverings for 
the Peach and Apricot trees; and any of these, which are not yet 
nailed, must be finished forthwith. Whatever covering is used 
for protection, it should be made to lift up in the daytime. More 
harm is often done by close-fixed covering than when the trees 
are not protected at all, 
I1.—FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERY. 
In-door Department. 
Sroves.—Recollect, when potting stove plants, that those 
called shy flewerers are often made to bloom freely by cramping 
them for pot-room and by using poorer composts, which have the 
same effect as ringing fruit-trees, A few bulbs of the different 
g 
sorts of Achimenes, for the first bloom, should now be fresh 
jotted. Those who exhibit these may ni 
inches high; but for general purposes, this is carly enough to 
begin with them. The different varieties of Hippeastrum will 
now be showing flower, and may be regulated for succession, 
The grand point to be attended to, with every large family of 
plants, is to get them to come in at different times and in as 
great a succession as possible. 
JREENHOUSE.—The Orange tribe, in nine cases out of ten, is, 
than the Orange, or that will better pay for the luxury, provided 
>} are in 
CoNsERVATORY.—More air, more water, and more plants in 
flower will be wanted here every week, Orange-trees that can 
be removed to some of the Vineries at work should now be looked 
bones and charcoal, in equal quantities. Give ample drainage, 
and let the pots or boxes be no larger than just to admit the 
Vines for two months, and keep their leaves and stems con- 
stantly damp, 
Out-door Department. 
If any alterations are likely to interfere with the regular gar- 
den work, a few more e: ut on. ver 
State of the Weather near London for the Week ending Mar. 9, 1843, as ob- 
served at the Horticultural Garden, Chis) 
clear, frosty at night. 
r Ke Cold easterly haze; foggy. 
Light hazy clouds ; fine; clea rosty. 
9. Dry cold haze and sunless throughout; slight frost, 
Mean temperature of the week 10° below the average, 
State of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 17 years, for i 
____ Week ending Mar. 18, 1843. 7°" cue 
Greatest id 
quantity |: 
of Rain, | | 
j 
Aver. | Aver, 
idtphovt| Loess Ae 
Temp. | Temp. 
The highest temperature 
1828, and 12th in 1#41—thermometer 67°; and the lowest on the 14th in 1829 
thermometer 21°, 
—————— 
REPORT ON COVENT-GARDEN MARKET, 
For the Week ending March 10, 1843. 
ears remain, which are selling at 6s. per doz. The supply of 
i Newtown Pippins continue to sell for 3s. per 
dozen; Golden Pippins fetch from 10s. to 12s., Nonpareils from. 
‘w samples of the Reinette Grise, 
Kitchen Apples are numerous; the Wellington is selling 
from 6s, to 7s., French Crabs and Norfolk Beaufins from 4s. 
5s., and London Pippins from 4s. to 6s, per bushel; a few Blen- 
heim Oranges are also offered from 5s. to 6s. 6d. per bushel. 
Cucumbers are not scarce, from 1s. to 6s. each. Vegetables : The 
supply of Asparagus has been somewhat limited, and it has, con- 
sequently, made a slight advance, the best bunches being from 
6s. to 9s. each, Seakale is also less abundant, and fetches from 
1s. to 3s, per half-sieve. Trench Beans are becoming more plen- 
tiful, and may be had from 1s. 6d, to 38. per 100. White Broccoli of 
per bunch. Turnips are 
weli supplied, from 1s. to 2s. per doz. bunches, but there are many 
i Jarrots are excellent, and fetch from 4s. to 6s. 
per dozen bunches ; young ones are still selling from 4d. to 6d. 
per bunch. A few new spring Potatoes may be met with, from 
1s. 6d. to 4s. per 1b, Onions have made another advance, being 
shel. Mushrooms are also much dearer, 
2s. per punnet. Good Celery is becoming 
Spring Radishes are improving, and fetch from 9d. to 1s. 
per punnet. Flowers: Chinese Primroses, Hyacinths, Tulips, and 
Heaths, in pots, are abundant ; owers contain yellow 
and Chinese Roses, Pinks, Camellias, Coronillas, Azaleas, Mig- 
nonette, Amaryllises, AcAcia vernicfflua and longifélia, Passiflora 
racemosa, Burchéllia capensis, and the Tree Pony. 
PRICES, Sarurpay, March 11, 1843.—FRUITS 
Pine Apple, per lb. 5s to 8 Cucumbers, each, 1 to Gr * 
Grapes, Spanish, per Ib. 1s to 1sGd | Walnuts, per bush., 128 to 10x 
Portugal, 1s to 3 Chesnuts, per peck, 3s to Gs 
Almonds, perp 
= 38 
Apples, dessert, per bush., 4s to 12¢ eck, 6s 
— _ Kitchen, 3s to 6s weet Almonds, per pound, 3s 
Pears, dessert, per hf. sieve, 6s tolés | Filberts,English, per 100 Ibs. 60s to 65s 
Strawberries, forced, per oz, 25 Cob Nuts, per 100 Ibs., 65s, to 76x 
Pummeloes, per doz., 6s to 12s Nuts, per bushel— 
Kes, per doz., 9d to 2s Gd — Brazil, 168 
— | per 100, 5s to 16s — Spanish, 18s 
— bitter, per 100, 8% to 248 — Barcelona, 249 
Lemons,-per doz. 1s to 2¢ — Cob, 12s to 14s 
—. Per 100,.5#to lis , 
Savoys, per doz, 6d to 1s 
Cabbage, Red, per doz. 28 to 5s 
Sy; Plants, per doz. 1s Gi to. 2e 
Broceoli, White, per bunch, 9d to 2 | Onions, p 
— _. Purple, 6d to ls 
Beans, Kidney, forced, per 100, 1s 6d to a 
pi 708 
. doz 
on. 
Potatoes, per ton, 50s to7 — Spanish, per do: 
re er cwt, 2s 6d to 4s | Garlic, per lb. 6d to 8d 
Per bushel, 1s Gd to 9 Shallots, per Ib., is 
Kidney, per bush.,1s6d to2s| Asparagus, large, per 100, 6s to 9s 
‘otch, per bushel, 1s 6d ne, or Small, 2s to 3s 
New, per Ib., 1¢ 6d to 4s r hf-sieve, 1s to 3s 
Jerusalem Artichokes, per half-sieve, ore, Gil to 8d 
Is to Ls 6d Endive, per svore, 1s to 38 
Turnips, per doz. bun., 1s to 2s Celery (12t0 15) 6d to 28 
Red Beet, per dozen, 9d to ls Rhuba #, per ble, 9d to 1s 6d 
Scorzonera, per bundle, 1s 8d to 1s 6d mall punnet, 2d to 3d 
“Salsafy, per bundle, 1s 3d to 1s 6d orn Si 
Cardoons, eac! 
uw Fennel, per doz. bun, 2s to 4# 
— Turnip, p. doz. beh., 1s to 186d| Sage, per doz. bunches, 2s to 3s 
Carrots, per doz. bunch. 43'to 6s Mint, per doz. bunches, 26 6d to 4s 
— Horn, pet bunch, 4d to 6d Mushrooms, per pottle, 1s to 26 
