1843.] 
THE GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
807 
_ attached three cylinders of strong sheet-iron, within each 
other; the second one of which forms the flue of the 
stove, and receives the fire and smoke, which pass in a 
rotatory direction round the other two. Of each of the 
latter, one end is open, and receives the atmospheric air, 
which, after being rarefied by the heat within the cylin- 
ers, is carried by the draft thus created into a larger 
cylinder, called the hot-air chamber, from whence it is 
thrown forth into the apartment intended to be warmed. 
From the construction of the apparatus, perfect command 
is given over the regulation both of fire and heat; and 
the quantity of fuel required for generating a sufficiency 
of the latter to warm the largest building is incredibly 
small, not a spark being lost to the purpose of the appa- 
ratus. It is in every way as safe as a common stove, and 
even more so 3 the flue is confined within the outer pas- 
sage for the hot air, and both are built round with brick, 
80 that no combustible material can possibly come in con- 
tact with it by any means short of absolute design. The 
apparatus which we have seen was intended for a new 
church, and we have no hesitation in saying that the 
excellence of the invention only requires to be known to 
be appreciated. J.-M. 
NOTICES ory NEW PLANTS WHICH ARE EITHER 
USEFUL OR ORNAMENTAL. 
Litrum tesra/ceum. Pale-red flowered Lily. (Greenhouse 
Perennial.) Lilidce, Hexandria. Monogynia.—Japan, which 
native country of this fine Lily. In point of ornamental cha- 
racter, it is quite worthy of being associated with the other noble 
Kinds from the same region; and, indeed, comes rather pear L, 
Thunbergianum or aurantiacum. Nothing, however, is positively 
known regarding its introduction, though it is believed to be one 
of the many plants collected by Dr. Siebold. It appears first to 
have bloomed with Messrs. Rollisson 
was flowered, this year, and ext 
Society’s summer shows, by Mr. Mountjoy, Nurseryman, of 
Ealing, Middlesex. When weil cultivated it grows three feet in 
height and upwards, being of a vigorous nature, and bearing as 
asa dozen of its large flowers on the same plant. The 
blossoms are of a pale orange-red hue, with darker warty dots 
on the inner petals: they are produced in a drooping mamner, 
and the petals are somewhat curled back. It is really astonish. 
ing what a difference variety of treatment makes in this, as well 
as other Lilies. Properly managed, they are among the noblest 
flowers we possess; yet good specimens are far from frequent, 
The principal thing that they require is a rich, but light soil ; 
such as an open fresh loam, with a fair proportion of rotten dung 
incorporated. ‘The latter both enriches the other earth, and serves 
to keep it light. They should not an one or 
two years In the same soil. For the present species, a low-roofed 
conservatory, or a cold pit or frame which has a sufficiently high 
oof, seems to be the best situation, as it flourishes better in a 
bed or border than in a pot. pt in a pot it should have a 
large one. Possibly, like the varieties of I.. speciosum, it may 
torn out to be nearly or wholly hardy ; and then it will of course 
succeed most perfectly in a prepared border, that is open to the 
South, and otherwise unprotected, or sheltered only at the back. 
In multiplying this and th t of the species, a single scale, 
taken from the bulbs, will suffice to produce a young plant; and 
Some clever propagators will even make four or five plants of 
each scale, by slitting it into so many pieces.—Puaton's Maga 
of Botany. 
DENDROBIUM TAURiNUM.—Bull-headed flowered bi 
(Stove Epiphyte.) Orchidaceee. Gynandria. Monandria.—This 
plant was imported from Manilla by Messrs. Loddiges, an 
the Hackney Nursery, last aatumn. Mr. Cuming 
was its discoverer and introducer. Its aspect approximates 
greatly to that of the curious D, undulatum. But though the 
stems of D. taurinum are quite as tall, and the foliage a little 
similar, the former are not nearly so much swollen towards the 
base. The flowers borne in noble racemes near the top of the 
and a drier and 
moist summer heat, 
Cooler winter atmosphere, being potted in a mixture of roug) 
heath. mould and potsherds. Propagation is managed by entting 
off one of the stems in the winter, and potting it separately.— 
Paxton’s Magazine of Botany, 
kinds of Dendrobia, in a 
_SILENE spgcrosa. Showy Catchfly. (Greenhouse Perennial.) 
Silenaceze. Decandria Trigynia. This very beautiful plant appears 
at first sight, to be merely a very well-grown specimen of the 
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of the Continental collections. In respect to culture, it will rank 
with S, laciniata as a tender iri 
- Fragments 
of broken stone are far more proper ingredients, and should be 
employed freely. A dry and airy position in a greenhouse will 
Suit this plant’ extremely well. It will also thrive well in a pit, 
Where it can be planted out, provided it be duly attended to in 
quater, to keep it from damping off. To bring it to any high 
tee of perfection, it must have a larger pot than usual, with 
. ‘€ soil a little enriched, and the drainage rendered particularly 
od. It may be increased by division, or by cuttings,—Paaton's 
a ACHIMENES nInsuTA. Hairy Achimenes. (Stove Perennial.) 
aucneracess. Didynamia Angiospermia.—This pretty plant forms 
a acceptable addition to the charming genus Achimenes, 
id. will Probably become almost as great a favourite as any of 
lata, } bears the nearest resemblance to A. peduncu- 
7 And like that beautiful species is disposed to bear little bulbs 
in the axils of its leaves and branches. The history of its intro. 
often do we find gardeners throwing away the moss, and mould 
and fragments that remain after every foreign case of plants is 
examined, and the principal part of the contents removed ; and 
how often perhaps do they thus reject the most interesting spe- 
cies, for if accident is the fertile mother of new inventions, so is 
she also of new introductions. Canna iridiflora was obtained 
from seeds accidentally found in an old herbarium ; several Or- 
chidaceous plants have been picked off dried specimens; and this 
Achimenes adds another to the list. It was hidden among a mass 
of Orchidaceous plants imported from Guatemala, and sold by 
w months ago; Mr. Henderson, of the Pine Apple 
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casions, was brought to our gardens without any attention what- 
e s has been already stated, this species has the habit of 
A. pedunculata, but is nevertheless a very different species. The 
whose lobes are notched. Those who are fond of hybridizing 
have been attempting to obtain crosses between A. longiflora an 
some of the red species; but the result has been, we understand, 
a dingy purple, as was to be expecte We would suggest that 
this would mix readily with A. pedunculata, and that the result 
would be the improvement of the size of the latter, and 0! 
colour of this, whose rose is hardly bright enough to satisfy the 
eye fastidious in colour. egister. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
The Poisonous Nature of the Yew.—Although doubts 
have been expressed by several writers respecting the 
poisonous action of the Yew, yet a case of poisoning 
which occurred recently sufficiently proves the contrary. 
A countryman who had brought in a load of turf to town, 
placed his three horses in the neighbourhood of a Yew 
tree: two of these horses, which had eaten of the young 
shoots, died, one in a quarter of an hour, the other on its 
return home; the third, which had been placed so that it 
could not eat the Yew, remained in perfect good health. 
On examination, distinct traces of poisoning were percep- 
tible—Archiv. der Pharm., as quoted in the Chemical 
Gazette. 
The Bay Lily.—Under the name of Lilium isabellinum 
Professor Kunze has published a description of a Li 
which he has growing in the Botanical Garden of Leipzig, 
and which he regards as quite a new species, unless indeed 
it should be a hybrid between L. candidum, and L. Mar- 
tagon. He says its origin is unknown; that the flowers 
are very fragrant, and three or four inches in diameter. 
Inside they are of a reddish bay-colour (isabellino-rubella) 
marked with some red lines and tubercles; externally they 
are pale. This should seem worth procuring for our 
gardens, 
Gardeners’ Associations.—We learn with pleasure that 
an association of the gardeners, at Stamford Hill, Clap- 
ton, and Stoke Newington, has been formed for mutual 
instruction, the president being R. Hanbury, Esq., and 
the secretary our intelligent correspondent, Mr, Wm. 
Sherwood. ‘The yearly subscription is two shillings and 
sixpence. The meetings are to be held on the evening of 
onday, once every fortnight; if between Michaelmas 
and Lady Day, to commence at seven o’clock, and at 
eight o'clock between Lady Day and Michaelmas, and 
never to be continued after ten o’clock. 
Climate of the United States, compared with that.of 
Engiand.—The American Horticulturist needs for his 
guide American works on gardening. Very many errors 
in practice have been adopted by us in consequence of 
following instructions derived from English authorities, 
Their mode of cultivation may, indeed, often be success- 
ful in this country ; but, in numerous instances, it will be 
productive only of failure and disappointment. This is 
owing to the difference of climate. The climate of 
England, as compared with that of the United States, is 
one of extreme humidity. The frequent and long-conti- 
nued obscuration of the sun by clouds and fogs there, 
retards the ripening of fruits and seeds and the elabora- 
tion of wood, and often chills the air to that degree, even 
in the month of July, as to render it incongenial to the 
growth of the tender products of the garden. Itisa very 
common practice in England to cover Cucumbers and some 
other plants, even in midsummer, by 3 or 4 o'clock, p.m, 
William Cobbett boasted that he could ripen Indian Corn 
in England. The summer when he tried it was one of 
remarkable sunshine for England; and he did succeed in 
maturing a small, early kind of Indian Corn. But it was 
a rare hit, and we believe he did not venture to try again, 
The recommendation of the practice of removing eyer- 
greens in the summer, just as they are forming a new 
growth, in June and Avgust, originated in the works of 
English gardeners. Although it may sometimes succeed 
here, it will not generally, unless the season or the soil 
happen to be of uncommon moisture. Spring is the ap. 
propriate season for transplanting evergreens. An excel- 
lent Horticulturist (the late Judge Buel) recommended 
their removal during the summer ; but his success may be 
accounted for by the peculiarity of his soil. It is not 
strange that English works on Horticulture should not 
suit us, when we contrast our bright skies with their 
vapory climate. Their summers: afford too little sun- 
light, and abound too much in moisture, to ripen some of 
the finer fruits. But our summers, on the other hand 
are often so dry as to require extensive artificial irriga: 
tion; and our droughts occasionally destroy the grass of 
the field and some of the trees of the forest, Many 
European trees and shrubs, like the English Hawthorns 
so beautiful there, will blast when introduced here, and 
become unsightly. Our native Crataegi are universally 
preferable to theirs ; and we know of but few European 
trees which flourish as well in our climate as our own. 
The English Elm is a beautiful tree, but does not flourish 
here as well as our native kinds. The great clearness of 
our atmosphere, and the intense heat of our summer sun 
require a different aspect and slope for our greenhouses, 
from what prevails in England. It is neither needful nor 
loaded with the seed, which some varieties of it are even 
upon quite small trees, cannot be judged of by those 
commonly seen in New York, which are remarkable for 
seldom producing any seed. These trees, in this city, 
which are large enough to flower, have been obtained 
mostly from suckers, and are of one variety. The matured 
wood of the Ailanthus is said to be useful, having a fine 
colour, and susceptible of a polish.— Hovey’s Magazine 
of Horticulture. 
Mammoth Pine.—On Tuesday, we had exhibited at 
our office a Pine cut from the Providence plant, weighing 
1021bs. avoirdupois, 227 inches round the thickest part, 
123 inches long, with about 10 inches of stalk, and culti- 
vated by Mr. Smith, gr. to H. Marsland, Esq., of Wood 
Bank. A short time ago, we saw one cut from one of the 
pits of F. A. Philips, Esq., of Thornfield, which measured 
232 inches round it, and was 133 inches long, with scarcely 
any stalk, weighing 11lbs.—Svockport Advertiser. 
Rebiews. 
Enumeratio Plantarum omnium hucusque cognilarum 
secundum Familias: Naturales disposita. uctore 
C.S. Kunth. Vol. IV. 8vo. Williams and Norgate. 
In this new volume of a highly important work on sys- 
tematic botany, which, beginning at the other end of the 
chain, will in time meet the Prodromus of De Candolle, 
we have as many things of interest in Horticulture as can 
well be anticipated in a work which is entirely technical. 
We ought, perhaps, to mention that Prof. Kunth’s * Enu- 
meratio’’ is a Latin classification of plants according to 
their natural orders, with technical characters of their 
genera and species, an enumeration of their synonyms, 
and short memoranda assisting in their distinctions. 
It is because this volume contains a complete account 
of the Melanthaceous and Liliaceous orders, so peculiarly 
Horticultural, that we think it right to introduce the work 
into our columns, for the sake of pointing out what the 
changes are in botanical nomenclature which Prof. Kunth 
has either adopted from others or himself proposed to 
introduce. The genus Helonias is limited to H. bullata, 
and the other species are scattered through various 
genera; as H. dioica, which is a Chameelirium, and H. 
asphodeloides, and tenax, which stand in Xerophyllum. 
Lindley’s genus Asagraa is retained as distinct from 
Schoenocaulon, contrary to the opinion of Dr. Asa Gray. 
The old Streptopus roseus is placed in the genus Heko- 
rima, a most barbarous name, which it would have been 
better to expunge than revive. Nineteen true species of Tu- 
ipa are recognised, although several have been suppressed. 
he Crown Imperial is removed from Fritillaria, and 
receives the old Linnean name of Petilium imperiale. 
Lilium candidum is stated, on the authority of C. A. 
Meyer, to be found wild in the province of Lenkoran, in 
Caspian Persia. Hyacinthus corymbosus, and Scilla brevi- 
folia, form a new genus called Periboea. Bellevalia, in- 
cluding Muscari am iti ciliatum,and others, 
is separated from Muscari, of which M. moschatum is 
made the type; while the Starch Hyacinth is removed 
from Muscari and forms a new genus, called Botryanthus. 
Our wild Harebell is placed in Scilla. Ornithogalum 
nutans is made a Myogalum; 179 species of Allium are 
admitted, after separating A. striatum and some others, 
under the name of Nothoscordum. Brodiza congesta 
forms the new genus Dichelostemma, and Tritileia laxa is 
called Seubertia. On the other hand, all the modern 
genera that have been separated from Aloe (of which 
there are 171 species) under the names of Apicra, 
Haworthia, Bowiea, Pachidendron, Rhipidodendron, and 
Gasteria, are reduced to that genus. The genus Tritoma 
is named Kniphofia. Reichenbach’s Asphodeline is adopted 
for Asphodelus luteus, tauricus, &c., and the genus Hart- 
wegia of Nees is recognised. Of course we cannot pre- 
tend, in a hasty notice of this sort, to criticise such 
changes, the value of which will have to be determined 
by long and careful examination. There is no doubt, 
however, that Prof. Kunth’s classification of Liliaceze is 
an important step in advance. 
The Meteorological Ephemeris for 1844, by Henry Doxat, 
is one of those attempts to foretell the veather in which 
some persons have so much enduring faith. The author 
tells us that he knows little or nothing of astronomy, 
chemistry, or mathematics, but he is convinced in his own 
mind that the method of calculation employed will ulti- 
mately lead to success. We wish his conviction may 
prove at the end of 1844 to have been well founded. At 
all events Mr. Doxat is no quack, and that is something 
now-a-days. 
GARDEN MEMORANDA. 
in bloom; these made the Heath-house unusually gay at this 
season of the year. ly 
