/ 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
[Nov. 4, 
Egertonianum than ventricosum ; the next above it, No.'2, 
is almost wholly ventricosum ; that which succeeds, No. 3, 
is more ventricosum than Egertonianum 3 and 4 and 5, 
the last on the spike, are wholly Egertonianum. What 
with such cases as this, the Dean of Manchester’s Narcissi, 
and the singular hybrids with which botanists are becoming 
familiar, all ideas of species and stability of structure in 
the vegetable kingdom are shaken to their foundation. — 
Botanical Register 
GARDEN MEMORANDA. 
Milton Lodge, near Woodbridge, Suffolk. —'T' is the 
Seat of Captain Aplin, and is the place alluded to by Mr. 
Beaton, in the Calendar, ‘‘ where ever etween the 
It is particularly celebrated for the cultiva- 
Ihave frequently visited this place during 
thi 
Two sorts of the 
best scarlet and green-flesh Melons are in perfection here from 
May until October. There are two Vineries; one for early 
forcing, and the other for late. These are planted with the fol- 
lowing Vines, viz., Black Hamburgh, Blac! Prince, Muscats, 
Sweetwater, and Muscadine, 
bi s Keen’s Seedling, and some o! Myatt’s 
best kinds Straw ies are also cultivated here in great per- 
fection. These, both forced and grown in the open border, pro 
Kale, Asparagus, 
eans, Mushrooms, are all 
lection of Pelargoniums, 
much credit on the gardener, 
respondent, 
Mr. Thomas Latter.—A Cor- 
RMebietos. 
Familiar Letters on Chemistry, and its Relation to Com- 
Physiology, and Agriculture. By Justus 
Liebig, M.D. 12mo. Taylor and Walton. 
No book from the pen of this Author can be destitute of 
interest, and least of all a work professing to place his 
novel and somewhat abstruse doctrines before the reader 
in a popular form. We have no doubt, therefore, that 
the present publication will be eagerly and profitably read, 
and that it will prove a useful introduction to Professor 
Liebig’s larger works. We cannot, however, promise the 
man of science much novelty in it, except where the 
Author ventures into that field of Vegetable Physiology 
which he affects to despise so much, and of which he 
knows so little. Then, indeed, there is novelty enough— 
we only wish it were of better quality. It is, indeed, a 
subject of serious regret to us that an author, otherwise 
so talented, should be so wofully unacquainted with the 
very foundation of that chemical physiology by which, 
notwithstanding, he has so much distinguished himself. 
As one instance, let us take the following passage :— 
“ How different are the evergreen plants, the oleaginous 
planis, the Mosses, the Ferns, and the Pines, from our 
annual Grasses, the Ceralia and Leguminous vegetables ! 
The former, at every time of the day during winter and 
summer, obtain carbon through their leaves by absorbing 
carbonic acid, which is not furnished by the barren soil on 
which they grow ; water is also absorbed and retained by 
their coriaceous or fleshy leaves with great force. They 
lose very little by evaporation compared with other plants, 
nm the other hand, how very small is the quantity of 
mineral substances which they withdraw from the soil 
during their almost constant growth in one year, in com- 
parison with the quantity which one crop of Wheat of an 
equal weight receives in three months !’” 
Here we have almost as many errors as sentences. There 
is not a shadow of evidence that what we call evergreens 
are acted on by soil ina manner different from ordinary 
plants; or if there be, it is in favour of their requiring a 
Jarger amount of carbon in the soil than other plants— 
witness all those races of evergreens that flourish only in 
peat. In the next place, to say that Mosses receive 
no carbon from the soil which sustains them, is an asser- 
tion in the very teeth of facts; we do not find these 
plants thriving on white and pure sand, but on the sur- 
face of the ground, in bogs, on housetops, and other 
places where carbon must necessarily abound, as is shown 
indeed by the dark colour of the soil that bears them. Then 
Ferns, we are told, retain water by their coriaceous leaves 
with great force ; which is true of one or two species only, 
On the contrary, they are plants whose evaporating powers 
are (as is well known) so great, that they can in general 
exist only in very damp situations. What oleaginous plants 
may be we do not know. As to cereal plants (Ceralia, 
as it is always spelt in this book !)—it is true that they 
withdraw a large quantity of mineral matter from the soil 
on which they grow; but we cannot comprehend why 
that circumstance should prove that their functions of 
respiration are at all different from those of other plants, 
We shall take an early opportunity of calling attention 
to the remarkable change of opinion in chemico-physiolo- 
Agriculture depends ? Can the art of Agriculture be based 
upon anything bat the restitution of a disturbed equili- 
be imagined that any country, however 
rich and fertile, with a flow ishing commerce, which for 
centuries exports its produce in the shape of grain and 
cattle, will maintain its fertility, if the same commerce 
does not restore, in some form of manure, those elements 
which have been removed from the soil, and which cannot 
be replaced by the atmosphere? Must not the same fate 
await every such country which has actually befallen the 
once prolific soil of Virginia, now in many parts no lounger 
able to grow its former staple productions—-wheat and 
tobacco ?” ——— 
Messrs. Lane and Son having now published their De- 
scriptive Catalogue of Roses, buyers have a further oppor- 
tunity of making selections, in addition to those afforded 
by the Catalogues of Mr. Rivers and Mr. Paul, already 
noticed. This Catalogue occupies 16 closely printed 8yo, 
pages, and is classed according to the season in which the. 
varieties blow. 
eee 
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS for the ensuing week, 
Wuen a gardener is writing about the different operations of 
the week in this Calendar he must necessarily tonch on subi 
in which he feels little interest, and 
takes great delight. 
self so press' C § 
this space allowed him for his preliminary 
often be ‘I 
therefore, was a wise prov: 
laid the foundation of this Calendar. In the dull months of 
winter there is no great scope for ** preliminary observations,” 
bearing on the gardener’s art. Whatever topic, therefore, seems 
uppermost in the gardening world at the time forms a legitimate 
subject for discussion in this place; at least this i € opinion 
that I have acted on, and the 
times subjects w 
he free soil; but 
experienced a 
the less confidence in my own 
on the point, although I would not al 
practice which I have recommended. 
croft’s plan is likely to raise discussion. I mean 1 
¢ 
3 
an 
Fa 
= 
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= 
5 
8 
o 
6 
° 
2 
= 
w 
s 
| 
6 
& 
5 
A 
g 
a 
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i 
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° 
sg 
g 
Fy 
5 
rom a well set boiler.’’—(Vide vol. 
bold assertion was made lately by a gentleman who knows the 
scientific bearings of the question as well, 
other man living, yet 
out of his depth. 
could b 
re not likely soon 
do so, judging from ou Yot one of our 
boilers will appropriate anything near the quantity of heat gene. 
rated under them from the most perfect combustion; the re- 
Mainder must therefore escape b; i unless it is 
caught into a flue runni There has been 
since 
re 
's and tanks, there need be no great objec- 
r 
o> 
fast giving way to gutter 
tion against flues when properly constructed ; nor will t) 
the boiler be thought so much about in a few years it has bee 
hitherto, as, if it does not take up all the heat, the rest gocs to 
the flue, and is gained that way. 
I,—KITCHEN-GARDEN AND ORCHARD; 
In-door Department 
Pinery.— reminded by Mr. Haycroft’s plan of planting 
out his fruiting Pines last August, of an awkwa: position I 
once got into by planting out a bed of succession Pines about the 
same time; they kept on growing later in the autumn than I 
wished them, and some of them 
he shape of 
the 
the spring, instead of showing fru the rest, they made a 
fresh start, and did not show fruit until the next June, when the 
house was kept very dry, for the ripe fruit of the others, Pines 
of any age should now be induced to go gently to rest for the 
winter. 
Vinery.—Except the latest house, the Vineries are now so 
many greenhouses, full of half-hardy plants, and the dry state 
in which they have been kept since the fiuit began to ripen is 
now so much in favour of the plants; let every precaution, there- 
fore, be taken to keep them dry this dull weather. 
AsPArAcus, SEA-KALE, and Ruvparp may now be foreed 
according to the demand, and the stock of plants ready for the 
purpose. ushroom-house at work is a capital place for 
forcing the Sea-kale and Rhubarb, and the Asparagus is cheapest 
grown in an old Melon-bed; but be careful not to give ita strong 
bottom-heat, and as soon as it comes up let it have all the light 
and air youcan, Some water the bed at this stage; Ido not 
think watering docs much good or harm, 
Out-door Department. 
Kitchen-garden work, from this time until the trees are nailed 
early in the spring, depends so much upon circumstances, that a 
set of rules is really of very little use; the best gardeners lay 
little stress on the point. In wet weather they do not like to do 
much digging or trenching either; this and wheeling manure is 
reserved for frosty weather. On light soils all fruit-trees ought 
to be planted during this month ; but on heavy clay land I believe 
most people prefer the middle of February for this work 
CAULIFLower.—Hand-glasses are awkward things when they 
are in one piece, and when placed over Cauliflower-piants there 
should be boards placed between the rows, to walk on when 
giving air and stirring the soil. 
#AS.—Where there is no convenience for forcing Peas in 
February, a few rows are generally sown early in this month, 
and chopped Gorse tops are putin the rows over the Peas to keep 
away mi but nine times ont of ten those sown in autumn are 
lost or nearly so by being sown too early; except on very sandy 
soils and in high situations, the last week in November is time 
enough to sow these. 
Levruce and Ennive in the 
great attention during all th? 
are attacked by slugs or snails. 3 
Oncnarp.—Pruning the different trees and bushes, and making 
new plantations of them, form the principal work here for some 
time. A constant eye should be kept over the fruit-room until 
all the autumn fruit is ove memorandums should be 
made of the qualities of the different sorts, as they are fit for table 
or the kitchen, with such remarks as will suggest themselves at 
the time; after a few years these may be compared and will be 
found very useful. 
II,.—FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERY. 
In-door Department. 
Stove.—“ How should Peristeria’elata be managed?” asks a 
Correspondent, Exactl: said last week about Cyrtopodiums ; 
doth should be treated as terrestrial Orchidacew ; but this docs 
open ground, or in frames, require 
month, for fear they damp off, or 
not apply to the 
pendulous-flowering Peristerias. The stove 
plant, P. elata, is as gross a feeder as the Vir 
ne, and so are the 
Cyrtopodiums; they should never he forced into growth in the 
spring, but allowed to grow 
their eyes are fairly started, 
which are not ripe yer, 
is finished, then let them 
until April. 
from ye 
GRE 
by a 
Daffodil, which he cannot find 
ancratium 
kept dry until next April. 
allow. The 
Correspondent from Lima, under 
it, flowering in May and continuing 
time, if kept in a pot; it will do better 
greenhouse all summer, to be ti 
The soil 
than one half pure white sand, 
in Engli 
amancaes of former days; it is 
to grow until 
planted out in 
the other half very light sandy 
loam. 
ConsERVATORY ter always begins here on the 1st 
of November, and slight fires are therefore used to prevent the 
temperature falling below 40° 
this month, except the Chry 
an 
larly and freely watered until the 
Correspondent who planted out 
indica, has done well to 
has been given over and ove 
i 
shoots to 
ones to one third their length, or according 
plant to be large or small; i 
you had better stump it all ov 
bush : it will do in a shed all winter, and in 
‘Ww, OF as soon as the leaves 
Few plants require much water 
you want to confine its growth 
er, like praning a White Currant 
in spring may be forced 
like a Vine; after it makes its growth it stops for a time, but still 
keep it in heat and well wate 
effort to grow and will then flower all 
not, however, if it has been misn 
lower expands, place it in the ci 
heat until next growing season. 
red; presently it makes another 
over on the second growth ; 
managed formerly. When the first 
onservatory, and give it no more 
17s.—I have no regret for being short of room under this 
head, as Mr. Errington will soc 
winter forcing plants in these pits. 
sete ieee i 
Firowe —Ilike M 
R. 
ARDE 
State of the Weather near Lond: 
observed at the Ho 
|___Barommrer. | 
ne; storm 
ying clouds 
hea 
ha loudy a 
ty; very fine; clear, wi 
Mean temp f th 
State of the Weather a 
Aver. 
Lowest 
Temp, 
Aver 
Oct. | Hig hes: 
Temp. 
oTLE Va 
during the pas 
dull. “Fruit ha 
season, are r 
Grapes principally consist of 
Muascats are still to be seen in 
bunch or two of the Syrian. 
at from 1s. to 2s, perpunnet. Dai 
Peaches 
ever, scarcely sufficient to meet 
Melons are still brought to the 
1s 1. tO 38. ©} 
6d. Cucumbers ar 
inferior quality, Vegetables o: 
abundantly supplied, Cab 
and plentiful, and Carrots” are 
demand. There has be 0 
‘ature of the w 
the above period occurred on thi 
on send detailed accounts of the 
Ayres’ plan very much for cover- 
ot ill shaped beds, or even bare 
eek ending Oct. 26, 1848, as 
‘den, Chiswi 
Trenmomeree, 
7 
5 52 0; 
28 40.0 
26 40.9 
in at night, 
ht shawers; clear with sharp frost, 
ny and wet at night. 
clouded and rather boisterous; overcast 5 
nd fine; clear and frosty. 
th afew white clouds; frosty at nights 
24° below the average 
e last 17 years, for the present 
fancigas 
Greates 
quantit 
| 
tal 
i 
a 
Black Hamburgh, 
market; we also noticed a good 
Imperatrice Plums are selling 
Ribstone Pippin, King of the 
a few good Nonpareils. Pears 
ood kinds a 
the demand. A few 
market, and are selling 
brought to the market during the week 3 this is selling at from 
1 
5. to Qs. 
and Shallots are 
made their a 
consist of 
acuminata longiflora,double vari 
guttata, and 
and Perpetual Ros 
PRICES, Saronpay, Noy, 
Pine Apple, per Ib., 3: Gd to 73 
Grapes, hothouse, per Ih. % to 4s 
” Portugal, Per lb, 9d to is 6d 
Melons, each, 1 61 to 
»» Dutch, each, 1s to 2s Gd 
oe Spanish, each, 1s 6d to 3s 
Plums, per punnet, 1s to 9 
mperatrice, 
4 
28 tc 
Oranges, per dozen, is 6d 
Per 100,168 to 24s, 
per doz. 1s to 2sl6d 
4 
Lemons, 
— {Per 100,65 to 1: 
belladonna, Lechenanltia formosa, Gardenia 
rember 4, 1243. ITS :— 
| Cucumbers, per brace, 4dto 8d 
| Gherkins, per 1000, 58'to 7# . 
Green Capsicums, per 100, 1s to'2s 
KR is tO 
Almonds, per peck, 6¢ 
| Sweet Almonds, per Ib., 28 Gd to 3s 
Nats, per bushel — 
"Brazil, 168 
kk, 45 to 88 
p 1001bs., 653 to 60s 
arberries, per hf.-sy., 38 to 4 
Tomatoes, per hh-sv., 9s 0 6s 
